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  3. Mindfulness—paying attention to one’s current experience in a non-judgmental way—might help us to learn more about our own perso

Mindfulness—paying attention to one’s current experience in a non-judgmental way—might help us to learn more about our own perso

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问题     Mindfulness—paying attention to one’s current experience in a non-judgmental way—might help us to learn more about our own personalities, according to a new article published in the March 2013 issue of Perspectives on Psychological Science, a journal of the Association for Psychological Science.
    Recent research has highlighted the fact that we have many blind spots when it comes to understanding our patterns of thinking, feeling, and behaving. Despite our intuition that we know ourselves the best, other people have a more accurate view of some traits (e.g., intellect) than we do. In some cases, blind spots in self-knowledge can have negative consequences, such as poor decision-making, poor academic achievement, emotional and interpersonal problems, and lower life satisfaction.
    In this new article, psychological scientist Erika Carlson of Washington University in St. Louis explores one potential strategy for improving self-knowledge: mindfulness.
    Mindfulness—a technique often recognized for its positive effects on mental health—involves paying attention to your current experience (e.g., thoughts, feelings) and observing it in a nonjudgmental manner.
    According to Carlson, these two components of mindfulness, attention and non-judgmental observation, can overcome the major barriers to knowing ourselves. She argues that the motivation to see ourselves in a desirable way is one of the main obstacles to self-knowledge. For instance, people may overestimate their virtuous qualities to ward °ff negative feelings or boost self-esteem. However, nonjudgmental observation of one’s thoughts, feelings, and behavior, might reduce emotional reactivity—such as feelings of inadequacy or low self-esteem—that typically interferes with people seeing the truth about themselves.
    Lack of information is another barrier to self-knowledge—in some situations, people might not have the information they would need to accurately assess themselves. For instance, we have a hard time observing much of our nonverbal behavior, so we may not know that we’re making faces or fidgeting (坐立不安的) during a serious conversation. Mindfulness could also help in this domain, as research has shown that mindfulness training is associated with greater bodily awareness.
    Drawing from cognitive, clinical, and social psychology, Carlson outlines a theoretical link between mindfulness and self-knowledge that suggests focusing our attention on our current experiences in a nonjudgmental way could be an effective tool for getting to know ourselves better.
In which case do people lack information to assess themselves?
选项 A、When they are arguing with other people.
B、When they are sleeping or having a dream.
C、When they are using nonverbal behavior.
D、When they are overestimating themselves.
答案C
解析 推断题。根据题干中的lack information to assess themselves可定位到原文第六段第一句。该句提到，信息缺乏是自我认知的另一个障碍，紧接着给出了例子：我们很难观察到自己的大部分非语言行为，所以我们可能并不知道在一个严肃的谈话中自己正在做鬼脸或坐立不安，故选C。
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