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  3. Generally scientists enter their field with the goal of doing important new research and accept as their colleagues those with s

Generally scientists enter their field with the goal of doing important new research and accept as their colleagues those with s

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问题 Generally scientists enter their field with the goal of doing important new research and accept as their colleagues those with similar motivation. Therefore, when any scientist wins renown as an expounder of science to general audiences, most other scientists conclude that this popularizer should no longer be regarded as a true colleague.
The explanation offered above for the low esteem in which scientific popularizers are held by research scientists assumes that
选项 A、serious scientific research is not a solitary activity, but relies on active cooperation among a group of colleagues
B、research scientists tend not to regard as colleagues those scientists whose renown they envy
C、a scientist can become a famous popularizer without having completed any important research
D、research scientists believe that those who are well known as popularizers of science are not motivated to do important new research
E、no important new research can be accessible to or accurately assessed by those who are not themselves scientists
答案D
解析 Argument Construction
Situation Research scientists desire to do important new research and treat as colleagues just those who have a similar desire. When a scientist becomes popular among a general audience for explaining principles of science, other scientists have less esteem for this popularizer, no longer regarding such a scientist as a serious colleague.
Reasoning What assumption do research scientists make about scientists who become popularizers? The community of scientists shares a common goal: to do important new research. What would cause this community to disapprove of a popularizer and to cease to regard the popularizer as a colleague ? It must be because many scientists believe that becoming a popularizer is incompatible with desining to do important new research.
A Many scientists make this assumption, of course—but it is not an assumption on which the explanation specifically depends. The explanation concerns the scientists’ motivation, not their style of doing research.
B This statement gives another reason that scientists may reject a popularizer, but because it is not the reason implied in the passage, it is not assumed.
C Even if this is true, it does not address the core issue of the argument: what scientists believe about the motivation of popularizers.
D Correct. This statement properly identifies an assumption on which the explanation for scientists’ rejet tion of popularizers depends.
E The passage is not concerned with whether nonscientists can understand new research, but rather with the beliefs and motivations of scientists who reject popularizers as colleagues.
The correct answer is D.
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