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  3. Joy and sadness are experienced by people in all cultures around the world, but how can we tell when other people are happy or d

Joy and sadness are experienced by people in all cultures around the world, but how can we tell when other people are happy or d

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问题    Joy and sadness are experienced by people in all cultures around the world, but how can we tell when other people are happy or disappointed? It【C1】______that the expression of many emotions may be universal. Smiling is apparently a universal sign of friendliness and 【C2】______. Baring the teeth in a hostile way, as【C3】______by Charles Darwin in his work about evolution in the nineteenth century, may be a universal sign of anger. As the originator of the theory of evolution, Darwin believed that the universal recognition of facial expressions would have 【C4】______ value. 【C5】______, facial expressions could 【C6】______ the approach of enemies (or friends) in the 【C7】______ of language.
   Most investigators agree that certain facial expressions suggest the 【C8】______ emotions in people from different cultures. Moreover, people in diverse cultures recognize the emotions【C9】______by the facial expressions. In classic research, Paul Ekman took photographs of people exhibiting the emotions of anger, disgust, fear, happiness, and sadness. He then asked people around the world to【C10】______what emotions were being depicted in them. All groups, who had almost no【C11】______with Western culture, agreed【C12】______the portrayed emotions. Ekman and his colleagues more recently obtained similar results in a study often cultures in which participants were permitted to report that multiple emotions were shown by facial expressions.
   Psychological researchers【C13】______recognize that facial expressions【C14】______emotional states.【C15】______, various emotional states give rise to certain patterns of electrical activity in the facial muscles and in the brain. The facial-feedback hypothesis argues,【C16】______, that the causal relationship between emotions and facial expressions can【C17】______work in the【C18】______direction. According to this hypothesis, signals from the facial feedback are【C19】______back to emotion centers of the brain, and so a person’s facial expression can【C20】______that person’ s emotional state. Consider Darwin’ s words: "The free expression by outward signs of an emotion intensifies it. On the other hand, the repression, as far as possible, of all outward signs softens our emotions." Can smiling give rise to feelings of good will, for example, and frowning to anger?
【C2】
选项 A、rage
B、approval
C、hostility
D、objection
答案B
解析 本句意为“显然，微笑是友善和______的普遍标志”。该题空格前有并列连词and，故空格前后在词性上需保持一致。friendliness(友好)是积极词汇，因此空格处所填单词也应为积极词汇。对比选项可知，B项符合题意。rage“愤怒”、hostility“敌意”和objection“异议，反对”均与题意不符。
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