首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
A hundred years ago it was assumed and scientifically "proved" by economists that the laws of society make it necessary to have
A hundred years ago it was assumed and scientifically "proved" by economists that the laws of society make it necessary to have
admin
2013-01-20
59
问题
A hundred years ago it was assumed and scientifically "proved" by economists that the laws of society make it necessary to have a vast army of poor and jobless people in order to keep the economy going. Today,hardly anybody would dare to voice the principle. It is generally accepted that nobody should be excluded from the wealth of the nation,either by the law of nature or by those of society. The opinions are outdated,which were current a hundred years ago,that the poor owed their conditions to their ignorance,lack of responsibility. In all western industrialized countries,a system of insurance has been introduced which guarantees everyone a minimum of subsistence in case of unemployment,sickness and old age. I would go one step further and argue that,even if these conditions are not present,in other words, one can claim this substance minimum without having to have any "reason". I would suggest,however, that it should be limited to a definite period of time,let’s say two years,so as to avoid the encouragement of an abnormal attitude which refuses any kind of social obligation.
This may sound like a fantastic proposal,but so,I think,our insurance system would have sounded to people a hundred years ago. The main objection to such a scheme would be that if each person were entitled to receive minimum support,people would not work. This assumption rests on the fallacy of the inherent laziness, in human nature,actually,aside from abnormally lazy people,there would be very few who would not want to earn more than the minimum,and who would prefer to do nothing rather than work. However,the suspicions against a system of guaranteed subsistence minimum are not groundless from the standpoint of those who want to use ownership capital for the purpose of forcing others to accept the work conditions they offer. If nobody were forced to accept work in order not to starve,work would be sufficiently interesting and attractive in order to induce one to accept it. Freedom of contract is possible only if both parties are free to accept and reject if; in the present capitalist system this is not the case.
But such a system would not only be the beginning of real freedom of contract between employers and employees,its principal advantage would be the improvement of freedom in interpersonal relationships in every sphere of daily life.
People used to think that poverty and unemployment were due to_____.
选项
A、the slow development of the economy
B、the poor and jobless people’s own faults
C、the lack of responsibility on the part of the society
D、the large number of people who were not well-educated
答案
B
解析
题目问:人们曾经认为,贫困和失业是由于什么?文章提到“The opinions are outdated,which werecurrent a hundred years ago,that the poor owed their conditions to their ignorance,lack of responsibility.”根据这句话可知,过去,人们认为,贫困和失业是由于贫困的人以及失业的人的个人缺点造成的。所以,答案是B。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/Tg2O777K
0
考博英语
相关试题推荐
Scientistshavediscoveredaclose______betweensmokingandseveralseriousdiseases.
Neitherofthetwoparties______abletosolvetheproblemsofthepoor.
Issuesofprice,place,promotion,andproductare______conventionalconcernsinplanningmarketingstrategies.
AlltherecentnewsonAIDSisbad.ThedeathofRockHudson【1】publicconcern-aboutthe【2】almosttothepointofpanic.Nowgen
Ourape-menforefathershadnoobviousnaturalweaponsinthestruggleforsurvivalintheopen.Theyhadneitherthepowerfult
TheJapanesedesireformarriagehadbeenverystrong.Inthefifth"worldyouthattitudesurvey"【C1】______bytheManagementand
TheJapanesedesireformarriagehadbeenverystrong.Inthefifth"worldyouthattitudesurvey"【C1】______bytheManagementand
Petroleumproducts,suchasgasoline,kerosine,homeheatingoil,residualfueloil,andlubricatingoils,comefromonesource-crude
Developingapeaceful,understanding,andsupportiverelationshipbetweenparentsandchildrenisnotaneasytask.Failurescana
InJuly,almostunnoticedbythenationalpress,adeadlybirdvirusarrivedonapheasantfarminSurrey.ExpertsfromtheDepa
随机试题
下列关于习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想的说法,错误的是()。
被申请人不按照法律规定提出书面答复、提交当初作出具体行政行为的证据、依据和其他有关材料的,()
A.1:0.8B.1:1.1C.1:1D.1:1.2E.1:1.5100座及100座以上的食堂的餐厨比为
A.当跟调节静止时,平行光线经跟的屈光系统后聚焦在视网膜上B.当眼调节静止时,平行光线经眼的屈光系统后聚焦在视网膜前C.当眼调节静止时,平行光线经眼的屈光系统后聚焦在视网膜后D.眼球在不同子午线上屈光力不同,形成两条焦线E.眼的功能调节力下降老
A.新发现的活动性病变,痰菌减少或转阴B.病变较前吸收好转,空洞闭合或缩小,痰菌转阴C.病变无活动性,空洞闭合,痰菌连续阴性达6个月以上D.空洞仍然存在,痰菌连续阴性6个月以上E.新发现的活动性病变
在护患关系建立初期,护患关系发展的主要任务是()。
目前微机中常用的键盘包括()键键盘。
为什么说领导者的素质是发挥领导功能的基础?
Intheeyesofthewriter,bankfailuresintheearly1930sWhatistheattitudeofthegovernmenttowardsthecurrentsituatio
【B1】【B19】
最新回复
(
0
)