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  3. A handful of cash-rich companies are consolidating power in the technology industry, using their wealth to expand into new busin

A handful of cash-rich companies are consolidating power in the technology industry, using their wealth to expand into new busin

admin2012-04-09  41
问题     A handful of cash-rich companies are consolidating power in the technology industry, using their wealth to expand into new businesses and making it harder for small and midsize competitors to break through. Why the industry is evolving this way is rooted in balance sheets. Over the past two years, Apple Inc., Oracle Corp., Google Inc., Microsoft Corp. and six other large tech companies have generated $ 68.5 billion in new cash, compared with just $ 13.5 billion for the other 65 tech companies in the S&P 500 Index combined, according to a Wall Street Journal analysis of data provided by Capital IQ.
    The rich few are funding investments at a time when many others have retrenched (开支紧缩). Over the past year, Oracle paid $7.4 billion to get into the hardware business by acquiring Sun Microsystems, and Dell Inc. bought Perot Systems to add technology services. Cisco Systems Inc. spent more than $ 7 billion to acquire six companies. Google, meanwhile, has tapped its savings to move into computer operating systems and mobile phones. Microsoft has financed its money-losing quest to take on Google in search with its cash. And Apple has used its reserves to develop the iPad and take aim at Google recently by acquiring a mobile-advertising company. Because of their massive cash accumulation, these companies can afford to take risks that smaller companies can’t at a time when the economy remains fragile. The result is a bifurcated (一分为二的) tech landscape, says Erik Brynjolfsson, a professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology’s Sloan School of Management.
    The consequences from the cash discrepancy (差异) are being felt throughout the industry. Some midsize tech companies are giving up trying to compete with their larger rivals. Others are gearing up to make their own acquisitions so as not to be left behind. For example, online-software maker Salesforce. com Inc. nearly doubled its cash reserves in January by taking on $ 575 million in debt that it says it will use in part for future expansion and acquisitions. Other midsize tech companies, such as Ciena Corp., have recently scooped up smaller rivals to bulk up.
From the end of 2007 to the end of 2009, the 10 richest tech companies increased their cash levels by 48% to $ 210 billion. The other 65 tech companies listed in the S&P 500 upped their cash only 13% in the same period, to $ 118 billion. The upshot： the gap between the groups stood at a record. The gap would be even larger, except an accounting change caused Apple to designate about $ 10 billion of its holdings as long-term investments.  
Cash-rich companies tend to expand and leave little room for small and midsize competitors to develop due to______.
选项
答案balance sheets
解析 同义转述题。本题考查造成科技行业出现了强者更强、弱者更弱的趋势的原因。题干中的tend to是对原文中is evolvingthis way的同义转述，而due to则对应is rootedin。第二句明确指出这一趋势的根源是资产负债表，故答案为balance sheets。
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