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  3. Emerging evidence in humans suggests a typically Western high-fat, high-sugar "junk food" diet can quickly undermine your brain’

Emerging evidence in humans suggests a typically Western high-fat, high-sugar "junk food" diet can quickly undermine your brain’

admin2023-01-30  43
问题         Emerging evidence in humans suggests a typically Western high-fat, high-sugar "junk food" diet can quickly undermine your brain’s appetite control. After indulging in a week-long binge (大吃大喝 ) of waffles, milkshakes and similarly rich foods, researchers in Australia found young and healthy volunteers【C1】________worse on memory tests and experienced a greater【C2】________to eat junk food, even when they were already full.
    The findings suggest something is wrong in the hippocampus (海马体) —a region of the brain that supports memory and helps to【C3】________appetite. When we are full, the hippocampus is thought to quieten down our memories of delicious food, thereby【C4】________our appetite. When it’s disrupted, this control can be seriously undermined.
    Over the years, extensive research on mice has found the function of the hippocampus is very【C5】________to "junk food", but this has only recently been observed in young and healthy humans.  In 2017, after a week of Western-style breakfasts of toasted sandwiches and milkshakes, researchers found【C6】________performed worse on learning and memory tests which are typically【C7】________on the hippocampus.
    Now, in this latest study the team has found that not only do such high-fat, high-sugar diets impair memory in humans, they also appear to【C8】________affect our ability to control our appetite.
    "As this is an emerging area, and with much still to be learned about how these processes inter-relate, our【C9】________are of course tentative," the authors admit. Nevertheless, the foundations for claims like this are quite extensive, especially amongst the animal literature. What’s more, the results, even for a【C10】________sample size, are compelling.
    A) access         F) distinguished       K) reducing
    B) conclusions     G) impressions        L) regulate
    C) dependent       H) occupying        M) scored
    D) desire         I) participants          N) sensitive
    E) directly        J) recently             O) small

【C7】
选项
答案C
解析 语义推断题。空格位于which引导的定语从句中，空格前为系动词are和副词typically，因此空格处应填入形容词作从句的表语，或者填入动词的分词形式作从句的谓语。分析句子结构可知。which引导定语从句，修饰tests。由上文可知，海马体能控制人们的记忆，那么通过记忆力测试主要依靠海马体，因此空格处应填入含有“依靠，依赖”意义的词，故本题答案为C)dependent。
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