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  3. Since the early 1980s, scientists have revealed some 40 human genes involved in cancer. These genes are essential for normal gro

Since the early 1980s, scientists have revealed some 40 human genes involved in cancer. These genes are essential for normal gro

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问题     Since the early 1980s, scientists have revealed some 40 human genes involved in cancer. These genes are essential for normal growth, but can be subverted to cause a tumor.
    Dr. Jorge Yunis of the University of Minnesota Medical School in Minneapolis has found that 70 percent of oncogenes, or cancer-causing genes, are located near inherited weak points on chromosomes(染色体). Varying from individual to individual, vulnerable to chemical carcinogens(致癌剂), X rays and other cancer-inducing agents.
    "If a chromosome snaps apart in the immediate vicinity of an oncogene," says Yunis, "normal genetic control mechanisms could break down and the stage would be set for the formation of cancer." Younis has shown that such a sequence occurs at the beginning of numerous leukemias (白血病), lymphomas(淋巴瘤) and some tumors of the lung, colon(结肠) and breast.
    Yunis and other investigators have found that petroleum-based products--notably pesticides and insecticides-damage specific sites on at least two of the 23 pairs of human chromosomes that carry genetic information. Similarly, tobacco smoke tends to attack a part of another chromosome.
From paragraph 1, we know that some 40 genes involving in cancer are ______. ( )
选项 A、harmful to the human body
B、necessary to the human body
C、the elements that form cancer
D、useless to the human body
答案A
解析
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