首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
How do we measure the economic return to higher education? Typically it is calculated as the difference between average wages of
How do we measure the economic return to higher education? Typically it is calculated as the difference between average wages of
admin
2014-09-28
80
问题
How do we measure the economic return to higher education? Typically it is calculated as the difference between average wages of college graduates and those who have not graduated from college. In 1997, for example, college graduates earned an average of $40, 508 versus just $ 23, 970 for non-college graduates. Based on these income levels, the economic return to a college education is approximately 69 percent, the difference between the two income levels. But this simple calculation ignores the fact that college graduates tend to come from higher socioeconomic levels, are more highly motivated, and probably have higher IQs than nongraduates. Although these factors influence incomes, they are not the result of college attendance. Therefore the result of the study is an overstatement of the returns to higher education.
More sophisticated analyses adjust for these extraneous influences. For instance economists Orley Ashenfelter and Alan Krueger, estimate that each year of post-high school education results in a wage premium of between 15 and 16 percent. Their study is particularly relevant because they examined the earnings differences for identical twins with different education levels, allowing them to control for genetic and socioeconomic factors. Other research puts the wagfe premium for college graduates at nearly 50 per cent.
Unfortunately, you can’t spend a college wage premium. Income levels for the average college graduate have stagnated. After adjusting for inflation, the average income of college graduates holding full-time jobs rose by only 4. 4 per cent between 1979 and 1997, or at a minuscule annual rate of 0. 2 percent. At the same time, workers with only high-school degrees saw their real income plummet by 15 percent. Bottom line: the much-ballyhooed college wage "premium" is due primarily to the fall in inflation-adjusted salaries of workers who haven’t been to college.
In fact, if you don’t go on to graduate school or are not among the top graduates at one of the nation’s elite colleges, chances are your sky-high tuition is buying you no economic advantage whatsoever. In recent decades the flood of graduates has been so great that an increasing proportion have found themselves, within a few years, working as sales clerks, cab drivers, and in other jobs that do not require a college degree.
In 1995, approximately 40 percent of people with some college education—and 10 percent of those with a college degree—worked at jobs requiring only high-school skills. That’s up from 30 percent and 6 percent, respectively, in 1971.
What does the author mean when he says "you can’t spend a college wage premium" (para. 3)?
选项
A、College graduates tend to stash money away.
B、The economic returns for college graduates have decreased since 1979.
C、The economic returns to higher education have not increased very much since 1979.
D、College graduates could hardly earn enough to pay high living cost.
答案
C
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/TvXd777K
本试题收录于:
公共英语五级笔试题库公共英语(PETS)分类
0
公共英语五级笔试
公共英语(PETS)
相关试题推荐
SumuelUllmanusedtobethefollowingexcept______.What’sthesignificanceof"Youth"forJapanesebusinessmen?
theclimateaffectsthefuturesustainableagriculturaldevelopment?pollutioncanbecontrolledbyincreasingtheproductionc
Fromhervantagepointshewatchedthemaindoomswingopenandthefirstarrivalspourin.Thosewhohadbeenattheheadofth
WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthetelephoneofthefutureisNOTtrue?
Whereispopulationgrowthhappening?
ThomasAquinas,whoknewmoreabouteducationandpersuasionthanalmostanybodywhoeverlived,oncesaidthatwhenyouwantto
ThomasAquinas,whoknewmoreabouteducationandpersuasionthanalmostanybodywhoeverlived,oncesaidthatwhenyouwantto
WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthetelephoneofthefutureisNOTtrue?
______isoriginallyaretrieverbutnowbecomesmainlyapet?______isnotoriginatedinGermany?
Whatarethespeakerstryingtodo?
随机试题
在以下食物中饱和脂肪酸含量最低的是
建设工程项目风险类型中,工程施工方案属于( )类型。
金融机构一般有雄厚的资金实力,信用度较高,因此,金融债券往往也有良好的信誉。()
影响人的身心发展的主要因素是()
2008年一季度企业景气指数最高的行业是()。下列叙述正确的是()。
你作为一名基层的税务局公务员,现在有纳税人反映你们单位服务质量差、业务素质低。领导决定整改要你写一个报告,你的思路是什么?
Justwhenyouhadfiguredouthowtomanagefatinyourdiet,researchersarenowwarningagainstanothercommonmealtimepitfal
ThenovelwritingoftheRomanticPeriodwasrepresentedbyWalterScottand______.
A、Becausethechildrenrefusetohaveparentslivingwiththem.B、Becausethechildrencanaffordtohavetheirownhomes.C、Bec
Despiteacoolingoftheeconomy,hightechnologycompaniesarestillcryingoutforskilledworkers.TheInformationTechnology
最新回复
(
0
)