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  3. Reviewing the decade that followed World War n, Cartwright speaks of the "excitement and optimism" of American social psycholo

Reviewing the decade that followed World War n, Cartwright speaks of the "excitement and optimism" of American social psycholo

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问题     Reviewing the decade that followed World War n, Cartwright
speaks of the "excitement and optimism" of American social
psychologists, and notes "the tremendous increase in the total number
of people calling themselves social psychologists." Most of these, we
may add, showing little awareness of the history of their field. Practical【M1】______
and humanitarian motives have always played an important part with【M2】______
the development of social psychology, not in America but in other【M3】______
lands as well. Yet there have been discordant voices. In the opinion of
Herbert Spencer in England, and William Graham Sumner in the【M4】______
United States, it is both futile and dangerous for man to attempt to steer
or to speed social change. Social evolution, they argue, requires for【M5】______
time and obeys laws beyond the control of the man. The only practical【M6】______
service of social science is to warn man not to interfere with the course
of nature(or society). But these authors are in minority. Most social【M7】______
psychologists share with Comte an optimistic view of man’s chances to
better his way of lives. Has he not already improved his health via【M8】______
biological sciences? Why should he not better his social relationships
via social sciences? For the past century this optimistic outlook has
persisted at the face of slender accomplishment to date. Human【M9】______
relations seem stubbornly set. Wars have not been abolished, labor
troubles have not abated, and racial tenses are still with us. Give us【M10】______
time and give us money for research, the optimists say.
【M1】
选项
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