2. 外语
  3. The great chariot of society, which for so long had run down the gentle slope of tradition, now found itself powered by an inter

The great chariot of society, which for so long had run down the gentle slope of tradition, now found itself powered by an inter

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问题     The great chariot of society, which for so long had run down the gentle slope of tradition, now found itself powered by an internal combustion engine. Transactions and gain【1】a new and startling【2】force.
    What forces could have been【3】powerful toj smash a comfortable and【4】world and institute in its place this new society? There wias no single massive【5】. It was not great events, single adventures, individual laws, or charming【6】which【7】about the economic revolution. It was a process of internal growth.
    First, there was the gradual emergence of national political【8】in Europe. A second great current of change was to be found in the slow decay of the religious spirit under the【9】of the skeptical, inquiring, humanist views of the Italian Renaissance. Still another【10】current lies in the slow social changes that eventually【11】the market system possible. In the【12】of this change, power naturally began to gravitate into the hands of those who understood money matters—the merchants.
    Perhaps most important of all in the pervasiveness of its effect was a rise in scientific curiosity.【13】the world would wait until the age of Adam Smith for its【14】burst of technology, the Industrial Revolution could not have taken place had not the ground been prepared【15】a succession of basic sub-industrial discoveries.
    No single one of these currents, acting by itself, could have turned society【16】. Indeed, many of them may have been as much the【17】as the causes of a great convulsion in human organization. History turns no【18】corners, and the whole vast upheaval sprawled out over time. Evidences of the market way of life sprang up side by side with older traditional ways, and remnants of the former day【19】long after the market had for all practical purposes taken over the【20】principle of economic organization.
【4】
选项 A、fostered
B、fumed
C、established
D、updated
答案C
解析 “established已建立的；已设立的”符合题意。根据文章一致性的原则，该词与上文的“tradition”形成一种照应。而选项A“收养的，养育的”，选项B“发出的，冒出(烟、汽等)的”，选项D“更新的，使不过时的；使现代化的”均不符合题意。
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