首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Ursula Von Der Leyen, Germany’s labour minister, likes to point out that the two European Union countries with the lowest unempl
Ursula Von Der Leyen, Germany’s labour minister, likes to point out that the two European Union countries with the lowest unempl
admin
2015-01-09
33
问题
Ursula Von Der Leyen, Germany’s labour minister, likes to point out that the two European Union countries with the lowest unemployment, especially among the young, have dual-education systems: Austria and Germany. Like Switzerland, they have a tradition of combining apprenticeships with formal schooling for the young "so that education is always tied to demand," she says. When youths graduate, they often have jobs to walk into.
With youth unemployment in Germany and Austria below 8% against 56% in Spain and 38% in Italy, Mrs. Von Der Leyen has won Europe’s attention. Germany recently signed memoranda with Greece, Italy. Latvia, Portugal, Slovakia and Spain to help set up vocational-education systems. Mrs. Von Der Leyen discussed the topic in visits to Madrid in May and to Paris this week. There is even talk of a "new deal" for Europe, including bringing youths from crisis-hit countries to work in Germany and making more loans.
Germany is best known in euro-zone countries for its macroeconomic prescriptions of austerity and structural reform. So it helps politically that it should now be seen assisting people in those countries into jobs. But does its dual-education system deserve so much credit, and should other countries adopt it?
Although based on older traditions, it formally dates from 1969. Youths not interested in, or qualified for, university sign up for a programme in which they work three or four days a week for a firm that pays them and teaches relevant skills. The rest of the time they spend in school, completing mostly specialised courses. Chambers of commerce and industry associations make sure that the work and the teaching are matched. After three years or so, trainees are certified and, if they make a good impression, may stay as full-time workers.
About two in three young Germans go through this system and into about 350 careers. Some end up in blue-collar jobs, others in sales and marketing, shipping and agriculture, or pharmacology and accounting. The practical nature of the education is an advantage, as is the mutual screening between potential employers and employees during training.
Yet the system existed in the 1990s, when Germany was the "sick man of Europe" and had high unemployment. German success today surely owes more to its labour-market and welfare reforms of a decade ago and to unions’ wage restraint. In an ageing and shrinking population, demography also helps, as fewer German graduates choose among more open jobs.
Ludger Wossmann, an economist at the Ifo Institute in Munich, suggests that vocational education can have bad side effects. In his research, countries that combined school and work-based education(Germany, Austria. Denmark and Switzerland)did much better at getting young people into jobs. But early training can turn into a disadvantage by the age of 50. It appears that skills learnt in vocational training "become obsolete at a faster rate." Low youth unemployment today may thus come at the cost of higher old-age unemployment tomorrow.
Admittedly, that trade-off may seem abstract in such hard-hit countries as Greece, Portugal and Spain. "If the alternative to vocational education is no education and no job, "says Mr. Wossmann, "a dual system should be tried." That said, traditions of cooperation among state, unions, employers and schools took generations to evolve in Germanic countries. A new deal on such a basis cannot be a quick fix.
The writer’s attitude towards Germany’s cooperation in education with other European countries is
选项
A、appreciative.
B、critical.
C、reserved.
D、ambiguous.
答案
C
解析
态度题。从本文的最后一段最后一句“A new deal on such a basis cannot be a quick fix.”可知,作者虽然觉得双轨制教育有优势,但欧洲国家希望依靠这个办法快速降低失业率并不现实,作者的态度是有所保留的,所以[C]正确。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/UrdO777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
TheRenaissancewasaEuropeanphenomenonoriginatedin______.
Ifwewanttoavoidthedisasterscenario,peopleindevelopedcountrieswillhavetotakeaglobalperspectiveandacceptrespo
Ensuringanadequatewatersupplyhavebeenaconcerneversincepeoplebegantoliveintownsandcities.
Stoppingcigarettesmokinghasbecomeabigproblemforallgovernments.Indemocraticcountries,theeconomicstrengthofthe
Stoppingcigarettesmokinghasbecomeabigproblemforallgovernments.Indemocraticcountries,theeconomicstrengthofthe
Stoppingcigarettesmokinghasbecomeabigproblemforallgovernments.Indemocraticcountries,theeconomicstrengthofthe
Stoppingcigarettesmokinghasbecomeabigproblemforallgovernments.Indemocraticcountries,theeconomicstrengthofthe
FormostofAmericanhistory,businesseswereruntoprovidelivelihoodsand"reasonable"profit.Inthelastfewdecades,thou
FormostofAmericanhistory,businesseswereruntoprovidelivelihoodsand"reasonable"profit.Inthelastfewdecades,thou
随机试题
年物价水平上升速率在<)以内,称为爬行式的通货膨胀。
临时性结构的设计使用年限是()
会计行政法规是会计法律制度的一个重要组成部分,下列各项中,属于会计行政法规的是()。
非寿险准备金主要分为()
试述直流主轴电动机与普通直流电动机的主要区别。
下面关于人民币零存整取存款计结息方式选择的说法,错误的是()。
()是起源于临床心理和精神病治疗法的品德测评方法。
在一些国际会议上,同声翻译人员使用的记忆是()
把下图知觉为圆形时,遵循的知觉组织原则是()。(2007年)
WithinAustralia,AustralianHotelsInc.(AHI)operatesninehotelsandemploysover2,000permanentfull-timestaff,300perman
最新回复
(
0
)