首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Ursula Von Der Leyen, Germany’s labour minister, likes to point out that the two European Union countries with the lowest unempl
Ursula Von Der Leyen, Germany’s labour minister, likes to point out that the two European Union countries with the lowest unempl
admin
2015-01-09
34
问题
Ursula Von Der Leyen, Germany’s labour minister, likes to point out that the two European Union countries with the lowest unemployment, especially among the young, have dual-education systems: Austria and Germany. Like Switzerland, they have a tradition of combining apprenticeships with formal schooling for the young "so that education is always tied to demand," she says. When youths graduate, they often have jobs to walk into.
With youth unemployment in Germany and Austria below 8% against 56% in Spain and 38% in Italy, Mrs. Von Der Leyen has won Europe’s attention. Germany recently signed memoranda with Greece, Italy. Latvia, Portugal, Slovakia and Spain to help set up vocational-education systems. Mrs. Von Der Leyen discussed the topic in visits to Madrid in May and to Paris this week. There is even talk of a "new deal" for Europe, including bringing youths from crisis-hit countries to work in Germany and making more loans.
Germany is best known in euro-zone countries for its macroeconomic prescriptions of austerity and structural reform. So it helps politically that it should now be seen assisting people in those countries into jobs. But does its dual-education system deserve so much credit, and should other countries adopt it?
Although based on older traditions, it formally dates from 1969. Youths not interested in, or qualified for, university sign up for a programme in which they work three or four days a week for a firm that pays them and teaches relevant skills. The rest of the time they spend in school, completing mostly specialised courses. Chambers of commerce and industry associations make sure that the work and the teaching are matched. After three years or so, trainees are certified and, if they make a good impression, may stay as full-time workers.
About two in three young Germans go through this system and into about 350 careers. Some end up in blue-collar jobs, others in sales and marketing, shipping and agriculture, or pharmacology and accounting. The practical nature of the education is an advantage, as is the mutual screening between potential employers and employees during training.
Yet the system existed in the 1990s, when Germany was the "sick man of Europe" and had high unemployment. German success today surely owes more to its labour-market and welfare reforms of a decade ago and to unions’ wage restraint. In an ageing and shrinking population, demography also helps, as fewer German graduates choose among more open jobs.
Ludger Wossmann, an economist at the Ifo Institute in Munich, suggests that vocational education can have bad side effects. In his research, countries that combined school and work-based education(Germany, Austria. Denmark and Switzerland)did much better at getting young people into jobs. But early training can turn into a disadvantage by the age of 50. It appears that skills learnt in vocational training "become obsolete at a faster rate." Low youth unemployment today may thus come at the cost of higher old-age unemployment tomorrow.
Admittedly, that trade-off may seem abstract in such hard-hit countries as Greece, Portugal and Spain. "If the alternative to vocational education is no education and no job, "says Mr. Wossmann, "a dual system should be tried." That said, traditions of cooperation among state, unions, employers and schools took generations to evolve in Germanic countries. A new deal on such a basis cannot be a quick fix.
The writer’s attitude towards Germany’s cooperation in education with other European countries is
选项
A、appreciative.
B、critical.
C、reserved.
D、ambiguous.
答案
C
解析
态度题。从本文的最后一段最后一句“A new deal on such a basis cannot be a quick fix.”可知,作者虽然觉得双轨制教育有优势,但欧洲国家希望依靠这个办法快速降低失业率并不现实,作者的态度是有所保留的,所以[C]正确。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/UrdO777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
UltimoVargashadbeeninHatch,NewMexico,onlysixmonths,sinceMarch,andalreadyheownedhisownbusinesstocompetewith
UltimoVargashadbeeninHatch,NewMexico,onlysixmonths,sinceMarch,andalreadyheownedhisownbusinesstocompetewith
A、waystohelpthepoorerOICmembers.B、waystopromotetheeconomyinallMuslimcountries.C、politicalcooperationbetweenMu
Ensuringanadequatewatersupplyhavebeenaconcerneversincepeoplebegantoliveintownsandcities.
Stoppingcigarettesmokinghasbecomeabigproblemforallgovernments.Indemocraticcountries,theeconomicstrengthofthe
Stoppingcigarettesmokinghasbecomeabigproblemforallgovernments.Indemocraticcountries,theeconomicstrengthofthe
Stoppingcigarettesmokinghasbecomeabigproblemforallgovernments.Indemocraticcountries,theeconomicstrengthofthe
IcametoAfricawithonepurpose:IwantedtoseetheworldoutsidetheperspectiveofEuropeanegocentricity.Icouldhavec
Arocketburnspropellantrapidlyandmostrocketscarryasupplythatlastjustafewseconds.
随机试题
对于技改扩建项目污染物源强,清算新老污染源“三本账”,其中正确的是( )。
某招标项目结算价1000万元,投标截止日为8月30日,投标有效期为9月25日,则该项目投标保证金金额及其有效期应是()。
增值税一般纳税人在计算企业所得税应纳税所得额时,可以一次扣除的税金包括印花税、消费税和增值税。
下列股价指数中,来自于美国股市的有( )。
甲欲出售自己的房屋,甲与乙约定如果明天早上8点有鸽子落在甲的房子上,乙就买甲的房子,第二天早上7:30的时候,确实有鸽子落在了甲的房子上,但被路人丙赶走了,之后再没有鸽子落在甲的房子上,则甲与乙之间的买卖行为()。
甲公司用一台设备换人乙公司的一项专利权。设备的账面原值为20万元,已提折旧为4万元,已提减值准备2万元。甲另向乙公司支付补价6万元。两公司资产交换不具有商业实质,甲公司换人专利权的入账价值为()万元。
若a
描写性消息(中国传媒大学2015年研)
设f(t)=,则f’(t)=________.
TheCentralNationA)ImmigrationplacesAmericaatthecentreofawebofglobalnetworks.Sowhynotmakeiteasier?Immigratio
最新回复
(
0
)