首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
PASSAGE TWO (1) Early this winter, the hundreds of climbers making plans for spring-summit attempts on Mount Qomolangma sudden
PASSAGE TWO (1) Early this winter, the hundreds of climbers making plans for spring-summit attempts on Mount Qomolangma sudden
admin
2023-02-17
52
问题
PASSAGE TWO
(1) Early this winter, the hundreds of climbers making plans for spring-summit attempts on Mount Qomolangma suddenly faced a new set of rules. In December, the Nepalese government decreed that it would no longer issue permits to blind, solo, or double-amputee mountaineers for any of its high peaks. Furthermore, all expeditions would have to employ at least one Sherpa (夏尔巴人向导) and would be forbidden from using helicopters to reach high camps.
(2) The regulations fit a pattern established by Nepal’s Ministry of Tourism, which in the past few years has issued a series of proclamations—climbers must announce plans to set records, trekkers must carry location beacons—that suggest improved management of its high-altitude peaks. Each new declaration generates a rush of international news reports about authorities making strides toward addressing safety at the top of the world. The truth is a lot more complicated.
(3) Mountaineering is big business in Nepal. Industry experts estimate that it generates some $26. 5 million in tourism income each year, with around $ 11 million of that coming from Qomolangma climbers alone. The enduring obsession of the Western media with tragic deaths on these far-off snowy peaks has resulted in a lot of free marketing. Nepal’s Ministry of Tourism, perhaps concerned that all the morbid tales might drive climbers to Qomolangma’s less used Chinese side, has gained some control of that narrative by broadcasting more positive developments through the Nepalese press. But the rules announced to date would do nothing to mitigate the dangers of climbing Qomolangma even if Nepal had the resources and conviction to enforce them, which it doesn’t.
(4) Making a huge, hugely popular mountain safer is possible. On Alaska’s Denali, fulltime climbing rangers conduct safety checks of many teams and are mobilized for rescue operations. On Argentina’s Aconcagua, rangers patrol all high camps, and until recently, permit fees included the cost of helicopter rescues. Adopting similar policies in Nepal would be a good start. A longer list of true reforms would include ordering all climbers to have previously summited a 7,000-meter peak, requiring non-guides working above Base Camp to take a course at the Khumbu Climbing Center (hundreds have done so since it was founded in 2003) , and capping the total number of climbers on the mountain at 500 per season, including support staff. That last policy would both reduce dangerous crowding and help keep the mountain clean.
(5) Unfortunately, these kinds of rules are less likely than ever to be instituted on Qomolangma, owing to the rise of budget guiding companies. Beginning in the early 1990s, Western outfitters established commercial mountaineering on the Nepal side of the peak by attracting clients willing to pay as much as $ 65,000 to be guided to the summit. That business model dominated for more than two decades, bringing an estimated 9,000 paying climbers to Base Camp. Consequently, Qomolangma earned a reputation as a magnet for the rich, ambitious, and inexperienced.
(6) As in many markets, savvy entrepreneurs saw opportunities for disruption. Lower-cost guiding companies, some founded by Westerners and others by Nepalese, slowly gained attraction by offering Qomolangma climbs for as little as a third of the going rate among high-end outfitters. Then came 2014, when 16 Sherpas died after a serac (冰塔) collapsed onto the Khumbu lcefall, part of the main route from Base Camp to Camp I. In the wake of that tragedy, a small group of Sherpas demanded that the Nepalese government establish regulations that would improve working conditions, increase pay, boost life-insurance coverage, and provide a funeral stipend. Ultimately, Sherpas received a bit more insurance—the minimum payout was doubled from $5,500 to $11,000—but not much else.
(7) Partly in response to media attention of these events, Nepali-owned guiding companies have continued to gain influence and market share on Qomolangma. The shift away from foreign control of the mountain is welcomed by many in the climbing community. Another positive development: lower-cost operators are increasing diversity on Qomolangma, attracting climbers from China’s and India’s burgeoning middle classes with aggressive pricing. Based on numbers from the Himalayan Database, in 2010, four Indian and eight Chinese climbers attempted the mountain, just 6 percent of the total. Last year, Chinese and Indian clients accounted for 60 of the 199 Nepal-side summits.
(8) Unfortunately, in the absence of substantive government oversight, some of the budget companies are making Qomolangma more dangerous by flooding the already overcrowded route with novice climbers led by inexperienced guides. Any operators charging less for guided climbs are prone to bolster profits through scale, booking dozens of clients on expeditions. (The most respected outfitters set a maximum of ten. ) Putting aside 2014’s tragedy and 2015’ s earthquake-induced avalanche, which killed at least 17 people at Base Camp, 12 of the 17 climber deaths on the South Col route between 2011 and 2017 appear to have been clients of budget outfitters.
(9) During last year’s peak season, Kathmandu-based Seven Summit Treks, known for bringing large groups of climbers to Qomolangma, allegedly promoted a young support staffer named Sange to guide Qomolangma and assigned him to an older Pakistani client. The pair reached the summit late in the day and got into trouble on their descent. They had to be rescued by experienced Sherpas from another Nepalese outfitter. Sange later had all his fingers amputated due to severe frostbite.
(10) Veteran guides are reacting to all this in different ways. Adrian Ballinger, founder of the California outfitter Alpenglow, has abandoned the Nepal side of Qomolangma and is instead leading teams from China. As he explained it, the higher risk from natural dangers (avalanches, seracs, crevasses) , the low standards of other outfitters, and Nepal’s mismanagement add up to an unacceptable environment. Several other prominent guides have come to the same conclusion, including Austrian Lukas Furtenbach. Others are staying put. International Mountain Guides co-owner Eric Simonson, whose first expedition on Qomolangma was in 1982, insists that upgrades in route-making through the Khumbu lcefall, and the establishment of dual ropes in areas prone to bottlenecks, have made the Nepal side safer, even as the crowds have grown.
(11) Qomolangma remains the ultimate conquest for many climbers. And while most embrace the risk of high-altitude mountaineering, few understand that the biggest dangers are all too often the result of economics, not the forces of nature. Ultimately, the top priority of many tourism officials and outfitters isn’t safety. It’s the bottom line.
What can be inferred from Paras. 5&6?
选项
答案
A
解析
推理判断题。根据题干定位至第五段和第六段。第五段第一句提到,由于价格低廉的导游公司的兴起,在珠峰上推行安全规则的可能性更小了,可知作者认为这些公司可能难以保障登山者的安全,故A为答案。第六段第二句提到,一些廉价导游公司是由西方国家创办的,可见西方国家的装备公司也未必更加可靠,故排除B;有关夏尔巴人向导待遇的内容主要出现在第六段后半部分,夏尔巴人在一次事故后要求改善待遇,但只得到了比之前略多的保险,其待遇并未得到很大改善,故排除C;第六段提到一些公司的登山服务价格低,但无法推断出整个登山产业的成本降低,故排除D。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/UwcD777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
Skepticsofhighereducationoftencomplainthatuniversitiesoffertoomanyboringdegreeswithlittlevalueintheworkplace.【
________标准提出了运行维护服务能力模型。
ISO/IEC20000系列标准着重于通过信息技术服务________来管理信息技术问题,识别问题的内在联系,然后依据服务级别协议进行计划、管理和监控,并强调与客户的沟通。
按照适用范围,标准可分为国际标准、国家标准、________、地方标准和企业标准。
________不属于单项目管理的管理内容。
每一个光纤通道节点至少包含一个硬件端口,按照端口支持的协议标准有不同类型的端口,其中NL_PORT是________。
某公司欲开发一个在线教育平台。在架构设计阶段,公司的架构师识别出3个核心质量属性场景。其中“网站在并发用户数量1O万的负载情况下,用户请求的平均响应时间应小于3秒”这一场景主要与____①____质量属性相关,通常可采用___②_____架构策略实现该属性
某公司欲开发一个在线教育平台。在架构设计阶段,公司的架构师识别出3个核心质量属性场景。其中“网站在并发用户数量1O万的负载情况下,用户请求的平均响应时间应小于3秒”这一场景主要与____①____质量属性相关,通常可采用___②_____架构策略实现该属性
某文件管理系统在磁盘上建立了位示图(bitmap),记录磁盘的使用情况。若计算机系统的字长为32位(注:每位可以表示一个物理块“使用”还是“未用”的情况),若磁盘的容量为400GB,物理块的大小为4MB,那么位示图的大小需要________个字。
国家统计局日前发布的“改革开放40年经济社会发展成就系列报告”显示,40年来,中国通信业成就瞩目,无论是通信能力、电信用户规模,还是技术水平都实现跨越式发展,已成为国民经济重要的基础性和先导性产业。在移动通信领域,中国经历了1G空白、2G跟随、3G突破、4
随机试题
简述早期马克思主义思想运动表现。
背向散射回声强度的测定在超声造影技术上的用途是
主动脉瓣区第二心音减弱,脉压小Austin-Flint杂音
()是在区域自然条件和经济分析的基础上,通过发展预测、结构优化和方案比较,确定区域发展的方向,并分析预测其实施效应。
在核算2013年上半年机构业务时,张明对业务情况作了以下几种处理,其中体现了会计核算中权责发生则的是()。
使科学、技巧、艺术和人的属性在实现组织目标过程中有机结合起来的是()。
已知f(x)连续,∫0xtf(x-t)dt=1一cosx,求的值.
求微分方程xy”+2y’=ex的通解.
A.StuctureandinterpretationofadreamB.AncientviewsondreamsC.BabiesdreamlessthanolderchildrenD.Dreamingmaybe
Somepeoplearguethatthepressureoninternationalsportsmenandsportswomenkillstheessenceofsport—thepursuitofpersona
最新回复
(
0
)