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  3. Anthropology is the study of human beings as creatures of society. It fastens its attention upon those physical characteristics

Anthropology is the study of human beings as creatures of society. It fastens its attention upon those physical characteristics

admin2005-06-26  150
问题     Anthropology is the study of human beings as creatures of society. It fastens its attention upon those physical characteristics and industrial techniques, those conventions and values, which distinguish one community from all others that belong to a different tradition.
    The distinguishing mark of anthropology among the social sciences is that it includes for serious study other societies than our own. For its purposes any social regulation of mating and reproduction is as significant as our own, though it may be that of the Sea Dyak, and have no possible historical relation to that of our civilization. To the anthropologist, our customs and those of a New Guinea tribe are two possible social schemes for dealing with a common problem, and in so far as he remains an anthropologist he is bound to avoid any weighting of one in favor of the other. He is interested in human behavior, not as it is shaped by one tradition, our own, but as it has been shaped by any tradition whatsoever. He is interested in a wide range of custom that is found in various cultures, and his object is to understand the way in which these cultures change and differentiate, the different forms through which they express themselves and the manner in which the customs of people function in the lives of the individuals.
    Now custom has not been commonly regarded as a subject of any great moment. The inner workings of our own brains we feel to be uniquely worthy of investigation, but custom, we have a way of thinking, is behavior at its most commonplace. As a matter of fact, it is the other way round. Traditional custom is a mass of detailed behavior more astonishing than what any one person can ever evolve in individual actions. Yet that is a rather trivial aspect of the matter. The fact of first-rate importance is the predominant role that custom plays in experience and belief, and the very great varieties it may manifest.
According to the passage, we can say that anthropology______.
选项 A、can reveal an enormous diversity of traditions
B、can deal with human beings as one group of the creatures in the living world
C、can provide insights into the relationship between human beings and nature
D、can distinguish the human race from other creatures
答案B
解析 本题答案在文章第一段。在文章的第一句话中作者讲到：人类学是把人类作为社会动物进行研究的科学。所以B项符合文章的意思。本段的第二句话讲到：人类学关注那些自然特征和产业技术，关注那些习俗和价值观——这些东西使得一个社会区别于属于不同传统的所有其他社会。这句话只是说明了人类学通过了解自然特征和产业技术等方面来研究社会和社会之间的区别和联系，既不是研究人类和自然的关系，也不是研究人类和其他生物之间的关系。所以C、D项不对。文中对A项的内容没有提到。所以本题的正确答案为B。
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