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  3. The secret to eating less and being happy about it may have been cracked years ago—by McDonald’s. According to a new study from

The secret to eating less and being happy about it may have been cracked years ago—by McDonald’s. According to a new study from

admin2021-01-06  10
问题     The secret to eating less and being happy about it may have been cracked years ago—by McDonald’s. According to a new study from Cornell University’s Food and Brand Lab, small non-food rewards—like the toys in McDonald’s Happy Meals—stimulate the same reward centers in the brain as food does.
    The researchers, led by Martin Reimann, carried out a series of experiments to see if people would choose a smaller meal if it was paired with a non-food item.
    They found that the majority of both kids and adults opted for a half-sized portion when combined with a prize. Both options were priced the same.
    Even more interesting is that the promise of a future reward was enough to make adults choose the smaller portion. One of the prizes used was a lottery ticket(彩票), with a $ 10, $ 50 or $ 100 payout, and this was as effective as a tangible gift in persuading people to eat less.
    " The fact that participants were willing to substitute part of a food item for the mere prospect of a relatively small monetary award is interesting," says Reimann.
    He theorizes that it is the emotional component of these intangible prizes that make them effective. In fact, vaguely-stated possibilities of winning a prize were more effective than options with hard odds included.
    " One explanation for this finding is that possible awards may be more emotionally provoking than certainty awards," says Reimann. " The uncertainty of winning provides added attraction and desirability through emotional ’ thrills. ’ The possibility of receiving an award also produces a state of hope—a state that is in itself psychologically rewarding. " In other words, there’s a reason why people like to gamble.
    How might this knowledge be used to help people eat more healthily?
    One possibility is a healthy option that offers the chance to win a spa(温泉疗养)weekend. Or maybe the reward of a half-sized portion could be a half-sized dessert to be claimed only on a future date. That would get you back in the restaurant—and make you eat a little less.
What do we learn about McDonald’s inclusion of toys in its Happy Meals?
选项 A、It may shed light on people’s desire to crack a secret.
B、It has proved to be key to McDonald’s business success.
C、It appeals to kid’s curiosity to find out what is hidden inside.
D、It may be a pleasant way for kids to reduce their food intake.
答案D
解析 推理判断题。定位段指出，麦当劳欢乐套餐中的玩具可以和食物一样刺激大脑中的奖赏中枢，让人们吃得少，还可以感受到快乐，故答案为D)。
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