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  3. Police officers may hope that their presence in schools will help them build strong relationships with students, improving polic

Police officers may hope that their presence in schools will help them build strong relationships with students, improving polic

admin2018-03-26  114
问题    Police officers may hope that their presence in schools will help them build strong relationships with students, improving police-community relations over the long term. But achieving that goal may require rethinking law enforcement’s role in education, a new report suggests.
   Looking at federal data from the 2013 - 2014 school year, researchers at Education Week found that students in schools with at least one school resource officer(SRO)were 1.5 times more likely to be arrested than their peers in schools that did not have a police presence. The disparity is particularly stark for black students, possibly because police presence is concentrated in districts with a higher proportion of minority students. Black boys were three times more likely to be arrested at school than white boys, the report found.
   Rather than building relationships and improving outcomes, students who are arrested or referred to law enforcement can see a drop in school performance and are disproportionately more likely to get involved with the law again as adults, researchers say. Racial bias means that outcomes are particularly poor in communities of color.
   Spurred by rising fears of violent crime during the 1980s and 1990s, some schools began turning to police to increase safety on campus. With federal funding, their presence only grew. Following tragedies like the school shooting at Columbine High School in Colorado, an increasing number of parents called for security measures like metal detectors and armed officers. By 2013-2014, 44,000 "school resource officers" worked in schools on a full- or part-time basis.
   In some cases, hiring these officers has resulted in an impressive drop in incidents. But the national picture is less positive. Particularly in schools with a high proportion of minorities, the SROs are overused, taking on disciplinary functions that classroom teachers have traditionally performed, experts say.
   Arresting students, rather than having a classroom teacher discipline them, brings financial and emotional costs. An American Civil Liberties Union report found that arrested students were twice as likely to drop out of high school—and for those who appeared in court, that figure doubled.
   Compounding the problem, the cost of employing school resource officers means many schools with a police presence are less likely to have school counselors who can keep an eye on the psychological and developmental effects of arrests on children, Education Week reported. Detaining students also drains the budget of money that could be used to educate them.
   So how can police officers help ensure safety without becoming disciplinarians(纪律严明者)who grease the school-to-prison pipeline? Training is key, National Association of School Resource Officers executive director Mo Canady told Education Week. SROs should see themselves not only as members of law enforcement, but also embrace their role as educators on issues like drug prevention and as informal counselors for students, Mr. Canady said.
What may be the negative effect of deploying SROs?
选项 A、It exerted more law enforcement than necessary.
B、It disturbed the normal teaching practices.
C、It posed risks to students’ psychological health.
D、It frustrated the enthusiasm of faculty members.
答案A
解析 推理判断题。本题考查对安排校园辅警负面效应的理解。第三段第一句提到，被逮捕或被交给法院处理的学生在今后学校生活中表现更差，而这种不良的影响在其成年以后依然存在，而且第五段第二句也提到校园辅警有时替代了本应由任课教师承担的教育责任，可见校园辅警过度使用了法律强制力，故答案为A)。B)“打扰了正常的教学活动”和D)“伤害了教职员工的积极性”在原文中均没有明确提及，故排除；C)“对学生的心理健康产生威胁”是对第七段第一句的曲解，原文是说遭受逮捕会给学生带来心理方面的影响，故排除。
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