首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Think about what would make you really, really happy. More money? Wrong. Smiling, well-adjusted kids? Wrong again. The fact is w
Think about what would make you really, really happy. More money? Wrong. Smiling, well-adjusted kids? Wrong again. The fact is w
admin
2015-01-09
46
问题
Think about what would make you really, really happy. More money? Wrong. Smiling, well-adjusted kids? Wrong again. The fact is we are terrible at predicting the source of joy. And whatever choices we do make, we likely later decide it was all for the best.
These are insights from happiness economics, perhaps the hottest field in what used to be called the dismal science. Happiness is everywhere-on the best-seller lists, in the minds of policymakers, and front and center for economists-yet it remains elusive. The golden rule of economics has always been that well-being is a simple function of income. That’s why nations and people alike strive for higher incomes-money gives us choice and a measure of freedom. After a certain income can, we simply don’t get any happier. And it isn’t what we have, but whether we have more than our neighbor, that really matters. So the news last week that in 2006 top hedge-fund managers took home $ 240 million, minimum, probably didn’t make them any happier, it just made the rest of us less so.
Now policymakers are racing to figure out what makes people happy, and just how they should deliver it. Countries as diverse as Bhutan, Australia, China, Thailand and the U.K. are coming up with "happiness indexer," to be used alongside GDP as a guide to society’s progress. In Britain, the "politics of happiness" will likely figure prominently in next year’s elections. Never mind that the world’s top happiness researchers recently gathered at a conference in Rome to debate whether joy is even measurable.
Why is this all happening now? Only in the last decade have economists, psychologists, biologists and philosophers begun cross-pollinating in such a way to arrive at "happiness studies." Harvard psychologist Daniel Gilbert humorously sums up much of the new wisdom in his book "Stumbling on Happiness." He says 24-hour television and the Internet have allowed us all to see more seemingly happy people than ever before." We’re surrounded by the lifestyles of the rich and famous," says Gilbert, "rubbing our noses in the fact that others have more."
Of course, the idea that money isn’t the real key to happiness isn’t new. The 18th-centry British Enlightenment thinker Jeremy Bentham argued that public policy should try to maximize happiness, and many prominent economists agreed but could not quite embrace the idea. There was just no way to measure happiness objectively.
One of the early revelations of happiness research, from Richard Easterlin at the University of Southern California, was that while the rich are typically happier than the poor, the happiness boost from extra cash isn’t that great once one rises above the poverty line. The reason, says Easterlin, is the "hedonic cycle": we get used to being richer dam quick, and take it for granted or compare it to what others have, not what we used to have. Turns out, keeping up with the Joneses is hard-wired into our brains, thanks to our pack-creature roots.
Though many happiness researchers say "work less, play more" is the formula for happiness, Ruut Veenhoven, a professor at Erasmus University in Rotterdam, suggests otherwise. Hard-working Americans ranks 17th on his list; the hard-vacationing French 39th. Human beings do want a European-style safety net, but also want freedom and opportunity.
And perhaps our intuitions about happiness should triumph over the fuzzy data, anyway. The economics of happiness has given us a couple of fairly hard and fast rules about well-being-being truly poor is bad, and time with friends and family are good The good news is that whatever choices we make individually and as societies in the pursuit of happiness there’s good chance that they’ll seem better in hindsight. Yet another truism of happiness is that "we all wear rose-colored glasses when it comes to our past decision-making," says Gilbert. Today’s dreadful life choice will likely be tomorrow’s happy accident.
Directions: The passage below summarizes the main points of the passage. Read the summary and then select the best word or phrase from the box blow according to the passage. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.
[*]
We are poor at prevision of the origin of hapiness, and we would probably believe the decision we made is the most satisfactory. The Happiness has become【R1】______everywhere but tough to define. Nations and people manage to gain higher incomes based on the principle of economics that【R2】______are related to hapiness, but that is not【R3】______. Wealth alone isn’t necessarily what makes us happy. It makes different if we possess more than【R4】______, and that’s why we feel unhappy to find those top【R5】______have superlative income. Some nations are beginning to consider issues like measuring society’s progress by【R6】______as well as GDP, and researchers held seminar to exchange surveys about the【R7】______, though the influential topic was advanced 10 years ago. The issue that a state policy should be【R8】______the happiness of the majority, erupted many decades ago by British Enlightenment thinker Jeremy Bentham and accepted by many eminent economists, could not fairly【R9】______, because happiness can not be objectively measured. The【R10】______of the happiness made by Richard Easterlin is that the wealth makes people happier, but their happiness will not【R11】______as great as it should be if they live above the【R12】______. The can easily take the life for granted and【R13】______the more expansive way of life. They are【R14】______to compare the life with others and manage to keep up with the Joneses. Ruut Veenhoven, a professor at Erasmus University in Rotterdam, does not support the【R15】______"work less, play more". According to his investigation of happiness list, people want a Europen-style【R16】______and want to enjoy freedom and opportunity as well. We should probably go beyond the confusing information and【R17】______the fairly principies of the happiness: poverty is【R18】______, staying with friends and family is【R19】______, and the decisions made【R20】______are by chance to be happy experience.
【R15】
选项
答案
D
解析
根据文中“Though many happiness researchs say‘work less,play more’is the formula for hap-piness”可知答案。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/VuQO777K
0
考博英语
相关试题推荐
Mostofuswouldliketofeelwehavesomeinfluenceoverwhathappensaroundusandtous.Citizensspeakouttoinfluencepoli
AnumberofbookslikeReadingFacesandBodyLanguagehave【C1】______theindividual’stendencytobroadcastthingsthroughallm
Teachersneedtobeawareoftheemotional,intellectual,andphysicalchangesthatyoungadultsexperienceAndtheyalsoneedt
ThedomesticeconomyintheUnitedStatesexpandedinaremarkablyvigorousandsteadyfashion.Therevivalinconsumerconfiden
Intheir______thegroupsoldasmanyrecordsasalltheothergroupsinthecountryputtogether.
Asresearcherslearnmoreabouthowchildren’sintelligencedevelops,theyareincreasinglysurprisedbythepowerofparents.T
Behaviorsthatwedonotunderstandoftenbecomenearlyinvisible—evenwhen,inretrospect,weseehowtrulystrangetheyare.
InatotalofsixstatesinthemiddleofAmerica,15,000assembly-lineworkersare【1】Japanesecarstogether.Theseautoworkers
Thepolicemantriedto______theteenagedrivertoobeythetrafficlawsratherthanfinehimdirectly.
Fourmemberswalkedoutofthesession,withtheresultthatthecommitteedidnothavea______andwouldnottakeanydecisions
随机试题
A、K+外流B、Ca2+内流和K+外流C、Na+内流D、Ca2+缓慢内流E、Na+和Ca2+内流心室肌细胞2期平台期主要是由于
查科(Charcot)三联征对哪种疾病有诊断意义
对某地25~55岁妇女进行的一项调查发现:服用口服避孕药者中,心肌梗死的年发病率为5/10万,而不服用者为2/10万。据此,研究者认为:服用口服避孕药是引起心肌梗死的危险因子。这个结论是
A.食物中缺少碘B.甲状腺激素合成减少C.食物中缺少酪氨酸D.血中甲状腺激素浓度过高E.促甲状腺激素合成减少甲状腺危象的发病原因是
为保证施工现场用电安全,有效防止触电和电器火灾事故,施工现场临时用电工程专用的电源中性点直接接地的220V/380V三相四线制低压电力系统。下列不属于三项基本用电原则的是()。
姜晶今年17岁,在两年前被学校劝退,现在独自在家自学。她为自己制订了很详细的学习计划,每天很有规律地阅读自己喜欢的书籍,写一些文章在网络上发表,或是学一些感兴趣的知识。这样好学的孩子为什么会被学校劝退呢?经过社会工作者去学校所作的了解,姜晶是因为违反学校的
以下属于我国法律对象效力确定原则的是()。
Whyiscornfeedingmillionsofpeopletoday?
HowmanyrefugeescamefromVietnamsincetheearly1970s?
TheMagicofMemory—ByLaurenceCherryOurmemoriesare
最新回复
(
0
)