2. 外语
  3. Psychologist Alfred Adler suggested that the primary goal of the psyche (精神) was superiority. Although【1】he believed that indivi

Psychologist Alfred Adler suggested that the primary goal of the psyche (精神) was superiority. Although【1】he believed that indivi

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问题     Psychologist Alfred Adler suggested that the primary goal of the psyche (精神) was superiority. Although【1】he believed that individuals struggled to【2】superiority over others, Adler eventually developed a more【3】definition of the drive for superiority.
    Adler’s【4】of striving for superiority does not refer to the everyday meaning of he word superiority. He did not mean that we【5】seek to surpass one another in【6】or position, nor did he mean that we seek to【7】an exaggerated importance over our【8】.
    Rather, Adler’s drive for superiority involves the desire, to be competent and effective, complete and【9】, in whatever one strives to do.
    Striving for superiority occasionally takes the【10】of an exaggerated lust for power. An individual may seek to play god and exercise【11】over objects and people. The goal may introduce a【12】tendency into our lives, in which we play games of "dog eat dog". But such【13】of the desire for superiority do not reflect its more【14】, constructive nature.
    According to Adler, striving for superiority is innate and is part of the struggle for survival that human beings share with other species in the【15】of evolution. From this【16】, life is not【17】by the need to reduce【18】or restore equilibrium, as Sigmund Freud tended to think; instead, life is encouraged by the desire to move from below to above, from minus to plus, from【19】to superior. The particular ways in which individuals undertakes their【20】for superiority are determined by their culture, their unique history, and their style of life.
选项 A、view
B、balance
C、horizon
D、perspective
答案D
解析 选项D表示“(正确的、客观的)观点”。本题考查同义词辨析。根据上下文，文章中Adler的观点被论证过是正确的、有依据的观点，而不是他个人的偏见，所以选择“perspective”。而选项A“view‘观点，见解’，强调个人因素，其重点在于个人对某一重大而普遍存在的问题的看法、所持态度或注意力集中的地方，通常深受个人学识、感觉、情绪、成见的影响”，选项B“balance平衡”，选项C“horizon地平线；眼界，见识”均不符合题意。
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