首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
The selfishness of humans is a central assumption of orthodox(传统的)economics, where it is thought to lead to benefits for the eco
The selfishness of humans is a central assumption of orthodox(传统的)economics, where it is thought to lead to benefits for the eco
admin
2016-09-09
57
问题
The selfishness of humans is a central assumption of orthodox(传统的)economics, where it is thought to lead to benefits for the economy as a whole. It is what the 18th-century Scottish economist Adam Smith described as the " invisible hand". But evolutionary biologists have come to see cooperation and selflessness as a big part of our【C1】______as a species. During the course of our evolution, they point out, cooperative groups【C2】______outcompeted groups of cheats.
So we are inherently cooperative when operating within our own groups. We have also【C3】______social mechanisms to reinforce actions that benefit the group. "You could say teamwork at the scale of small groups is the signature【C4】______of our species," says evolutionary biologist David Sloan Wilson from Binghamton University in New York.
But【C5】______teamwork can include a competition mechanism to promote actions that benefit the group, particularly in larger groups. It’s also important to remember that in-group cooperation evolved partly in response to competition between groups.
This evolutionary perspective is radically new to economics, and it could be relevant to grand-scale economic problems that require solutions involving cooperation between nations. Take the challenge of getting nations to work together over economic solutions to climate change—a【C6】______focus in the run-up to climate negotiations in Paris, France, later this year. This is a gargantuan(巨大的)problem from any perspective, but it is【C7】______an issue of coordination for the sake of the common good at a massive scale, says Wilson. " The challenge is therefore to【C8】______at larger scales the coordination and control that takes place more spontaneously at smaller scales," he says—from multicellular(多细胞的)organisms to village-sized groups of humans.
"Morality evolved out of cooperation within and competition between groups, so when acting as a single group to tackle global problems we will have to【C9】______the role of natural selection ourselves," Wilson says. This might involve pursuing a wide variety of【C10】______, identifying those that work best, and then creating incentives to cooperate on implementation. " In some ways it’s the opposite of the invisible hand. "
A)adaptation I)particular
B)assume J)promptly
C)compel K)remarkable
D)consistently L)rumor
E)developed M)strategies
F)effective N)success
G)essentially O)suspicion
H)implement
【C4】
选项
答案
A
解析
空格位于句子的表语部分,后面为由介词of引出的短语,根据空格所在句子的位置可推断,空格中应填入名词作句子的表语,同时被名词signature修饰。本句引用了进化生物学家David Sloan Wilson的话,他认为小团体内的合作是人类这一物种适应性的标志性体现,故答案为A)adaptation“适应”。备选项中,L)rumor“谣传,传说”,M)strategies“策略,战略”和O)suspicion“怀疑,疑惑”这三个名词与上下文语义不符,故均排除。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/WEF7777K
0
大学英语六级
相关试题推荐
A、PromotingallkindsofAmericanhand-madespecialties.B、Strengtheningcooperationwithforeigngovernments.C、Conductingtrad
Whywouldananimalkillitself?Itseemsastrangequestion,andyetitisonethathas【B1】______somepeopleforalongtime.T
A、Themanshouldbegintostudy.B、Themanmighthaveleftitatschool.C、Janecouldhavetakenitbymistake.D、Janehasalrea
DanielDevlinlivesinthesamehousewithhischildrenandseesthemeveryday—yetheisunabletorecognizethematall.Mr.D
A、Itgivespeopleanewperspective.B、Ithelpspeopletofeelenergeticagain.C、Itmakesyourfriendsnoticeyourproblem.D、I
AllChange[A]Thebasicmodeloftheelectricityindustrywastosendhighvoltagesoverlongdistancestopassivecustomers.Po
A、Helpinghernephewwiththewedding.B、Attendingatrainingcourseattheheadquarters.C、Takingherannualleavetotravelar
AproposalforanewuniversityinCanadarecentlycaughtmyeyeforahostofreasons,nottheleastofwhichisthatitsstude
Thehumanbodyisaremarkablefoodprocessor.Asanadult,youmayconsume【B1】______atonoffoodperyearandstillnotgaino
少林功夫历史悠久,影响深远,是中国传统武术(martialarts)的一个重要组成部分。少林功夫受益于自然界的智慧。几千年前,少林寺的和尚(monk)把对野生动物的观察融入锻炼的套路中,并以此来强身健体。这种从动物中得到启示的艺术形式形成了“功夫”。如今
随机试题
以下有关止咳、祛痰、平喘药哪项是错误的
HowtoReduceYourWeight?Youfeelsad;"Iskipmybreakfastandsupper.Iruneverymorningandevening.WhatelsecanId
药品与保健品处方药与非处方药
患者,男,45岁。不慎高坠致全身复合伤、头面部创伤若判断是否合并颅脑损伤,最重要的病史或体征是
痉挛型脑瘫最主要的康复治疗原则是
在()模式下,政府部门发起项目,由私人企业负责进行项目的建设和运营,并按事先的规定提供所需的服务。
下列可以成为“本年利润”账户对应账户的有()。
损失鉴定是对外商投资财产因( )而鉴定。
2014年全年国内生产总值636463亿元,比上年增长7.4%。其中,第一产业增加值58332亿元,增长4.1%;第二产业增加值271392亿元,增长7.3%;第三产业增加值306739亿元,增长8.1%。2013年第一产业增加值占全年国内生产总值的比
Labeltheplanbelow.WriteNOMORETHANTWOWORDSforeachanswer.
最新回复
(
0
)