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  3. (1)Job stress and worrying about job security can both take a toll on a woman’s body, although the two issues affect female heal

(1)Job stress and worrying about job security can both take a toll on a woman’s body, although the two issues affect female heal

admin2016-12-06  28
问题     (1)Job stress and worrying about job security can both take a toll on a woman’s body, although the two issues affect female health differently, according to research presented last month at the American Heart Association’s Annual Meeting in Chicago. But whether chronic work-related stress is eating at your nerves or ballooning your waistline, there are natural solutions with no toxic side effects that you can use to relax the pressure.
    (2)In a recent study looking at work stress and women, researchers from Harvard and Brigham and Women’s Hospital studied more than 17,000 otherwise healthy women, generally in their 50s, enrolled in the Women’s Health Study for 10 years. Women who reported work-related strain, such as having little or no authority over decisions or being unable to contribute creativity and skills to the job, were up to 88 percent more likely to experience a heart attack than women who reported no work strain. Overall, working women reporting high job strain faced a 40 percent higher rate of cardiovascular(心血管的)disease, too.
    (3)Worrying about losing a job did not appear to increase heart attack risk, but it was linked to obesity, high blood pressure, and high cholesterol(胆固醇), all of which can eventually lead to cardiovascular disease.
    (4)Whether it’s a nightmarish cubicle neighbor, an unrelenting workload, or an ornery boss that has your stress meter ready to pop at any second, you can get a grip: It’s all about mind over matter. An August study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences found that students taking part in Integrative Body-Mind Training(IBMT)enjoyed changes in white brain matter(within 11 hours of practice)that seemed connected to better regulation of emotions and behavior.
    (5)Although not very common in the U.S. yet, IBMT involves the practice of maintaining a state of restful alertness to tap into body-mind awareness while a trained coach guides your breathing and mental imagery. It’s somewhat similar to more widely available mindfulness based stress reduction(MBSR), which involves focusing on your present-moment draughts and feelings in a non-judgmental way. MBSR has been shown to help people make clearer decisions in times of crisis, which could help when all health breaks loose at the office.
    (6)Previous research out of the University of Oregon has found that you could adopt stress-zapping properties of Integrative Body-Mind Training(IBMT)before the workweek’s out. After practicing it for 20 minutes a day for five days in a row, participants reported reduced stress and increased energy. Prevention suggests this intro IBMT exercise: Sit quietly in a comfortable position. Close your eyes and think of your mind as a full cup; as thoughts come and go, keep returning to an image of the cup becoming empty. Repeat for five minutes.
    (7)Regardless of your meditation style, know this: Compared to non-meditators, women who practice meditation enjoy up to a 66 percent drop in stress hormone levels, which can dramatically improve heart health.
    (8)If you’re in need of an emergency quick freak-out fix, reach for a piece of gum.(Avoid artificial sweetened gum, though—some are linked to health issues.)One study found that chewing gum boosts blood flow to the brain by up to 40 percent, helping you stay calm and in the present. This prevents you from pondering over some aggravating office event.
    (9)You don’t need to be a monk to enjoy the benefits of meditation. In fact, more and more Western integrative medicine practitioners are using it as a nontoxic health improver.
According to the passage, which of the following can probably lead to women’s work-related strain?
选项 A、They are not creative enough in their work.
B、They could not afford to lose their job.
C、They have no say in decision-making.
D、They are underpaid compared with men.
答案C
解析 根据work—related strain定位到第2段。由题干中的lead to可知本题要求查找因果关系。该段第2句such as后列举了哪些方面会给女性造成工作压力，C与such as后的having．．．no authority over decisions同义，都是“没有决定权”的意思，故C为本题答案。A最具干扰性，文中提到了女性unable to contribute creativity and skills，这表明她们感到有压力是由于她们的创造力和技能没有发挥的机会，由此可见A“她们在工作上的创造力不足”理解错误。
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