首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
When social scientists use the term culture they tend to be talking about a less restrictive concept than that implied in everyd
When social scientists use the term culture they tend to be talking about a less restrictive concept than that implied in everyd
admin
2013-06-02
38
问题
When social scientists use the term culture they tend to be talking about a less restrictive concept than that implied in everyday speech. In social science, culture is all that in human society which is socially rather than biologically transmitted, whereas the commonsense usage tends to【C1】______ only to the arts. Culture is thus a general term for the symbolic and learned aspects of human society, although some animal behaviourists now【C2】______ that certain primates (灵长类动物) have at least the capacity for culture.
Social anthropological ideas of culture are based to a great【C3】______ on the definition given by Edward Tylor in 1871, in which he referred to a learned complex of knowledge, belief, art, morals, law, and custom. This definition implies that culture and civilization are one and the same. But this equation, although possible in English and French usage, runs【C4】______ to the German distinction between Kultur and Zivilisation, the former referring to symbols and values, while the latter deals with the organization of society. Archaeological usage, though【C5】______ the wholeness of human societies, makes a distinction between material culture and practices and beliefs, the non-material or adaptive culture transmitted by teaching and tradition. Only material culture is【C6】______ to archaeology, whereas adaptive culture is the subject of history, sociology, and anthropology.
For nineteenth century anthropologists, such as Tylor and Lewis Henry Morgan, culture was a conscious creation of human rationality. Civilization and culture, in this conception, showed a progressive tendency towards what were regarded as higher moral values, and this enabled the Victorian mind to construct a【C7】______ of cultures or civilizations which provided a rationale for colonial activities by apparently higher-order Western civilizations.
In America, it is sometimes argued that the concept of culture can provide ways of explaining and understanding human behaviour, belief systems, values, and【C8】______ , as well as particular culturally specific personality types.
In cultural anthropology, analysis of culture may proceed at three levels: learned patterns of behaviour; aspects of culture that act below conscious levels (such as the deep level of grammar and【C9】______ in language, of which a native language speaker is seldom aware); and patterns of thought and 【C10】______ , which are also culturally determined.
A. ideologies I. extent
B. perception J. counter
C. hierarchy K. dissipate
D. junk L. acknowledging
E. grandeur M. teeming
F. point N. accessible
G. syntax O. assert
H. forfeit
【C3】
选项
答案
I
解析
extent名词,意为“程度”。本句的意思是社会人类学对于文化的概念很大程度上基于 Edward Tylor在1871年对文化做出的定义。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/WM67777K
0
大学英语六级
相关试题推荐
PartⅡReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)Directions:Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassageq
PartⅡReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)Directions:Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassageq
TheMysteryoftheMayasTheruinsofonce-beautifulcitiesintheforestsofCentralAmericatellscientistsmuchaboutthe
Whatimpactcanmobilephoneshaveontheirusers’health?Manypeopleworryaboutthesupposedilleffectscausedbyradiation
A、Theythoughtshewastooyoung.B、Theythoughtshewassmallinsize.C、Theythoughtshedidnotplaywellenough.D、Theythou
Opinionsvarywidelyconcerningworkplaceromance.Someorganizations,ontheassumptionthatromanticrelationshipsarebasical
Self-helpTraveling1.越来越多大学生选择“自助游”,原因是…2.也会带来一些问题3.你的看法
A、Hedoesn’tneedbooksasreferencesforhisresearchproject.B、Hedoesn’tagreewiththeprofessoronthesourceofreference
A、Toplaytheviolinonaconcert.B、TogotoNewYorkCity.C、Toapplyforascholarship.D、Tohaveherperformancetaped.D信息明
A、Englishteachersusuallylikereadingalot.B、TheEnglishliketoreadalotandlistentomusic.C、NoteveryonefromEngland
随机试题
在一元回归中,回归平方和是指()。
患者,男,51岁,自觉胸痛,运动(stress)和静息(rest)心肌灌注显像图见图4-5。该患者可能性较大的诊断是
A.滴虫性阴道炎B.阴道假丝酵母菌病C.细菌性阴道病D.老年性阴道炎E.幼女性阴道炎黄白色稀薄有泡沫状白带,检查阴道黏膜有散在出血斑点
首次急性发作的腰椎间盘突出症的治疗方法应首选
张某的月工资收入是4350元人民币,根据国家规定的日工资折算办法,他的日工资是()元人民币。
下列选项中,属于黎族传统民俗文化的有()。
维护和保障立法科学性的重要原则是()。
Anycountryhasgoodreasontowantitscitizenstobeashealthyaspossible,sinceoneofitsgreatestresourcesisanactive
In1977,thegroupWomenOfficeWorkersheldacontestforsecretaries,invitingthemtonamethe"mostridiculouspersonalerr
Working-classfamiliesintheUnitedStatesareusuallynuclear,andmanystudiesindicatethatworking-classcouplesmarryfor
最新回复
(
0
)