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  3. We have all encountered them, in both our personal and professional lives. Think about the times you felt tricked or frustrated

We have all encountered them, in both our personal and professional lives. Think about the times you felt tricked or frustrated

admin2022-04-26  28
问题     We have all encountered them, in both our personal and professional lives. Think about the times you felt tricked or frustrated by a membership or subscription that had a seamless sign-up process but was later difficult to cancel. Something that should be simple and transparent can be complicated, intentionally or unintentionally, in ways that impair consumer choice. These are examples of dark patterns.
    First coined in 2010 by user experience expert Harry Brignull, ‘dark patterns" is a catch-all term for practices that manipulate user interfaces to influence the decision-making ability of users. Brignull identifies 12 types of common dark patterns, ranging from misdirection and hidden costs to “roach motel”, where a user experience seems easy and intuitive at the start, but turns difficult when the user tries to get out.
    In a 2019 study of 53, 000 product pages and 11, 000 websites, researchers found that about one in 10 employs these design practices. Though widely prevalent, the concept of dark patterns is still not well understood. Business and nonproft leaders should be aware of dark patterns and try to avoid the gray areas they engender.
    Where is the line between ethical, persuasive design and dark patterns? Businesses should engage in conversations with IT, compliance, risk, and legal teams to review their privacy policy, and include in the discussion the customer/user experience designers and coders responsible for the company’s user interface, as well as the marketers and advertisers responsible for sign-ups, checkout baskets, pricing, and promotions. Any or all these teams can play a role in creating or avoiding ‘digital deception.”
    Lawmakers and regulators are slowly starting to address the ambiguity around dark patterns, most recently at the state level. In March, the California Attorney General announced the approval of additional regulations under the California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA) that “ensure that consumers will not be confused or misled when seeking to exercise their data privacy rights.” The regulations aim to ban dark patterns-this means prohibiting companies from using "confusing language or unnecessary steps such as forcing them to click through multiple screens or listen to reasons why they shouldn’t opt out.”
    As more states consider promulgating additional regulations, there is a need for greater accountability from within the business community. Dark patterns also can be addressed on a self-regulatory basis, but only if organizations hold themselves accountable, not just to legal requirements, but also to industry best practices and standard.
According to the last paragraph, a key to coping with dark patterns is________.
选项 A、new legal requirements
B、businesses’ self-discipline
C、strict regulatory standards
D、consumers’ safety awareness
答案B
解析 Dark patterns also can be addressed on a self-regulatory basis，buts only if organizations hold themselves accountable，not just to legal requirements，but also to industry best practices and standards. Dark pattern 也可以在自我监管的基础上得到解决，但只有当企业对自己负责，不仅对法律要求，而且对行业最佳实践和标准负责。所以解决dark pattern的关键是businesses’ self-discipline"企业的自觉"。B正确。
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