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  3. The most thoroughly studied intellectuals in the history of the New World are the ministers and political leaders of seventeenth

The most thoroughly studied intellectuals in the history of the New World are the ministers and political leaders of seventeenth

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问题    The most thoroughly studied intellectuals in the history of the New World are the ministers and political leaders of seventeenth-century New England. According to the standard history of American philosophy, nowhere else in colonial America was " so much importance attached to intellectual pursuits." According to many books and articles, New England’s leaders established the basic themes and preoccupations of an unfolding, dominant Puritan tradition in American intellectual life.
   To take this approach to the New Englanders normally means to start with the Puritans’ theological innovations and their distinctive ideas about the church — important subjects that we may not neglect. But in keeping with our examination of southern intellectual life, we may consider the original Puritans as carriers of European culture, adjusting to New World circumstances. The New England colonies were the scenes of important episodes in the pursuit of widely understood ideals of civility and virtuosity.    The early settlers of Massachusetts Bay included men of impressive education and influence in England. Besides the ninety or so learned ministers who came to Massachusetts churches in the decade after 1629, there were political leaders like John Winthrop, an educated gentleman, lawyer, and official of the Crown before he journeyed to Boston. These men wrote and published extensively, reaching both New World and Old World audiences, and giving New England an atmosphere of intellectual earnestness.
   We should not forget, however, that most New Englanders were less well educated. While few craftsmen or farmers, let alone dependents and servants, left literary compositions to be analyzed, it is obvious that their views were less fully intellectualized. Their thinking often had atraditional superstitious quality. A tailor named John Dane, who emigrated in the late 1630s, left an account of his reasons for leaving England that is filled with signs. Sexual confusion, economic frustrations, and religious hope — all came together in a decisive moment when he opened the Bible, told his father that the first line he saw would settle his fate, and read the magical words: " Come out from among them, touch no unclean thing, and I will be your God and you shall be my people." One wonders what Dane thought of the careful sermons explaining the Bible that he heard in Puritan churches.
   Meanwhile, many settlers had slighter religious commitments than Dane’s, as one clergyman learned in confronting folk along the coast who mocked that they had not come to the New World for religion. " Our main end was to catch fish."
   
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答案C
解析 由于题干中的关键信息(early settlers早期定居者)未出现在尾段，故不得不把答案确定在本文的整体结构上。仅从最后三段的主题句就可以推断出答案。第3段的主题句内容是“The early settlers of Massachusetts Bay included men of impressive education and influence in England(马萨诸塞州海湾的早期定居者中包含在英国受过良好的教育并且颇有影响的人物)”；第4段的主题句内容是“most New Englanders were less well educated(大多数新英格兰人没有接受过多少教育)”；末段主题句的内容是“many settlers had slighter religious commitments(许多定居者并没有丹奈这么虔诚的宗教信仰)”。由此可以归纳：新英格兰早期的定居者有着不同的教育和宗教背景。故可以断定本题的正确答案是C。
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