The idea that music makes you smarter has received considerable attention from scholars and the media. Current interest in【C1】__

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问题     The idea that music makes you smarter has received considerable attention from scholars and the media. Current interest in【C1】______between music and intelligence stems from two independent areas of research. One focuses on short-term effects of【C2】______listening to music. The other is on a seperate【C3】______of research, which examines whether music lessons have【C4】______benefits that extend to non-musical areas of cognition. Such【C5】______could be unique to children who take music lessons for long periods of time【C6】______their experiences differ substantially from those of other children. Music lessons【C7】______long periods of focused attention, memorization of【C8】______ musical passages, learning about a variety of musical structures, and 【C9】______mastery of technical skills and the conventions【C10】______the expression of emotions in performance. This【C11】______of experiences could have a positive impact on cognition, particularly during the childhood years, when brain development is highly【C12】______and sensitive to environmental influence.
    Previous findings are【C13】______with the hypothesis that music lessons promote intellectual development. For example, natural musical gifts is associated with literacy.【C14】______ , correlational and experimental studies 【C15】______that music lessons have positive relations with verbal memory, reading ability, selective attention, and mathematics achievement.【C16】______, the simplest explanation of these【C17】______relations is that they come from a common component, such as general intelligence. Put simply, children【C18】______high IQs are more likely than other children to take music lessons. To conclude that music lessons have a casual relation with IQ that is【C19】______to music, one must rule【C20】______potentially confusing factors such as socioeconomic status, and education, and demonstrate that non-musical, extracurricular activities do not have comparable effects on IQ.
【C4】

选项 A、incidental
B、occational
C、proven
D、limited

答案A

解析 考查形容词辨析。空格处所在句意为:另一个则侧重于不同的研究领域,研究音乐课程能否使人们在非音乐领域的认知也获得______益处。incidential可以表示“附带发生的”,代入文中表示“附带的益处”,符合文意。limited“有限的”;proven“被证实的”;occasional“偶尔的,临时的”,三项均无法从文中推知。因此最佳选项为A.incidential。
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