首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
The History of Chinese Americans [A] Chinese have been in the United States for almost two hundred years. In fact, the Chinese h
The History of Chinese Americans [A] Chinese have been in the United States for almost two hundred years. In fact, the Chinese h
admin
2018-05-11
45
问题
The History of Chinese Americans
[A] Chinese have been in the United States for almost two hundred years. In fact, the Chinese had business relations with Hawaii prior to relations with the mainland when Hawaii was not yet part of the United States. But United States investments controlled the capital of Hawaii at that time. In 1788, a ship sailed from Guangzhou to Hawaii. Most of the crewmen were Chinese. They were considered the pioneers of Hawaii. The Immigration Commission reported that the first Chinese arrived in the United States in 1820, eight in 1830 and seven hundred and eighty in 1850. The Chinese population gradually increased and reached 64,199 in 1870.
[B] For many years it was common in the United States to associate Chinese Americans with restaurants and laundries. People did not realize that the Chinese had been driven into these occupations by the prejudice and discrimination that faced them in this country.
[C] The first Chinese to reach the mainland United States came during the California Gold Rush of 1849. Like most of the other people there, they had come to search for gold. In that largely unoccupied land, the men staked a claim for themselves by placing markers in the ground. However, either because the Chinese were so different from the others or because they worked so patiently that they sometimes succeeded in turning a seemingly worthless mining claim into a profitable one, they became the scapegoats of their envious competitors. They were harassed in many ways. Often they were prevented from working their claims; some localities even passed regulations forbidding them to own claims.
[D] The Chinese therefore started to seek out other ways of earning a living. Some of them began to do the laundry for the white miners; others set up small restaurants. (There were almost no women in California in those days, and the Chinese filled a real need by doing this "woman’s work".) Some went to work as farmhands or as fishermen.
[E] In the early 1860’s many more Chinese arrived in California. This time the men were imported as work crews to construct the first transcontinental railroad.
They were sorely needed because the work was so strenuous and dangerous, and it was carried on in such a remote part of the country that the railroad company could not find other laborers for the job. As in the case of their predecessors, these Chinese were almost all males; and like them, too, they encountered a great deal of prejudice.
[F] The hostility grew especially strong after the railroad project was complete, and the imported laborers returned to California—thousands of them, all out of work. Because there were so many more of them this time, these Chinese drew even more attention than the earlier group did. They were so very different in every respect: in their physical appearance, including a long "pigtail" at the back of their otherwise shaved heads; in the strange, non-Western clothes they wore; in their speech (few had learned English since they planned to go back to China); and in their religion. They were contemptuously called "heathen Chinese" because there were many sacred images in their houses of worship.
[G] When times were hard, they were blamed for working for lower wages and taking jobs away from white men, who were in many cases recent immigrants themselves.
Anti-Chinese riots broke out in several cities, culminating in arson and bloodshed Chinese were barred from using the courts and also from becoming American citizens. Californians began to demand that no more Chinese be permitted to enter their state. Finally, in 1882, they persuaded Congress to pass the Chinese Exclusion Act, which stopped the immigration of Chinese laborers. Many Chinese returned to their homeland, and their numbers declined sharply in the early part of this century.
[H] However, during the World War Ⅱ, when China was an ally of the United States, the Exclusion laws were ended; a small number of Chinese were allowed to immigrate each year, and Chinese could become American citizens. In 1965, in a general revision of our immigration laws, many more Chinese were permitted to settle here, as discrimination against Asian immigration was abolished.
[I] From the start, the Chinese had lived apart in their own separate neighborhoods, which came to be known as "Chinatowns". In each of them the residents organized an unofficial government to make rules for the community and to settle disputes. Unable to find jobs on the outside, many went into business for themselves—primarily to serve their own neighborhood. As for laundries and restaurants, some of them soon spread to other parts of the city, since such services continued to be in demand among non-Chinese, too. To this day, certain Chinatowns, especially those of San Francisco and New York, are busy, thriving communities, which have become great attractions for tourists and for those who enjoy Chinese food.
[J] Most of today’s Chinese Americans are the descendants of some of the early miners and railroad workers. Those immigrants had come from the vicinity of Canton in Southeast China, where they had been uneducated farm laborers. The same kind of young men, from the same area and from similar humble origins, migrated to Hawaii in those days. There they fared far better, mainly because they did not encounter hostility. Some married native Hawaiians, and other brought their wives and children over. They were not restricted to Chinatown and many of them soon became successful merchants and active participants in general community affairs.
[K] Chinese Americans retain many aspects of their ancient culture, even after having lived here for several generations. For Example, their family ties continue to be remarkably strong (encompassing grandparents, uncles, aunts, cousins, and others). Members of the family lend each other moral support and also practical help when necessary. From a very young age children are imbued with the old values and attitudes, including respect for their elders and a feeling of responsibility to the family. This helps to explain why there is so little juvenile delinquency (少年犯罪) among them.
[L] The high regard for education which is deeply imbedded in Chinese culture, and the willingness to work very hard to gain advancement, are other noteworthy characteristics of theirs. This explains why so many descendants of uneducated laborers have succeeded in becoming doctors, lawyers, and other professionals. (Many of the most outstanding Chinese American scholars, scientists, and artists are more recent arrivals, who come from China’s former upper class and who represent its high cultural traditions.)
[M] Chinese Americans make up only a tiny fraction of our population; there are fewer than half a million, living chiefly in California, New York, and Hawaii. As American attitudes toward minorities and toward ethnic differences have changed in recent years, the long-reviled Chinese have gained wide acceptance. Today, they are generally admired for their many remarkable characteristics, and are often held up as an example worth following. And their numerous contributions to their adopted land are much appreciated.
At first, the Chinese lived in separate neighborhoods and made their own rules to solve disagreement.
选项
答案
I
解析
根据separate neighborhoods和made rules定位至I段。本段主要介绍华人居住的社区——唐人街。第2句讲到了社区居民的自我治理。题目是对该段第1-2句的概括。solve disagreement对应原文的settle disputes。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/XKT7777K
0
大学英语六级
相关试题推荐
Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessaybasedonthepicturebelow.Youshouldfocusontheimpactofs
A、Theycangivecollegesinstructionsontheirteaching.B、Theycanshowwhethercollegeisworthwhileornot.C、Theycanhelpp
A、Tohelpbankstokeepmoremoney.B、Toputmoremoneyintotheeconomy.C、Tomakelessdepositorswithdrawmoney.D、Toreduce
从公元前4000年开始,中国传统绘画已经持续发展了6000多年。它的发展不可避免地反映出时代和社会状况的变化。在它的早期发展阶段,中国绘画与其他工艺密切相关,从陶瓷(potteries)到青铜器(bronzes)和玉雕(carvedjades)的装饰。中
A、Toopenastudio.B、Tokeephealthy.C、Toreleasepressure.D、Tobecomeaninstructor.C本题问的是Georgia练习瑜伽的最初目的是什么。短文末尾提到,Georgi
A、Drinkwateraftersportsdrink.B、Drinkwaterordilutedsportsdrink.C、Drinksportsdrinkinsteadofwater.D、Drinkwaterbe
WilmaSubrahadnointentionofbecomingapublicspeaker.After【B1】______fromcollegewithdegreesinchemistryandmicrobiolog
A、Theimpactofsmokinglastslessthan30years.B、Smokinghasalong-termimpactonourmolecularmachinery.C、Damagescaused
Anewalcoholdetectionsystemcouldbeintroducedincarsby2020,preventingintoxicated(喝醉的)driversfromstartingtheircars.
A、Challenges.B、Disappointments.C、Sorrows.D、Intolerance.D
随机试题
透脓散所治之痈疡肿痛的病机是
A.操纵基因B.启动子C.两者均是D.两者均不是阻遏蛋白结合部位的是
A.关元俞B.肺俞C.肾俞D.肷俞E.阴俞治疗奶牛阴道脱垂、子宫脱垂宜选
止血药的配伍一般不用活血化瘀药治疗跌打损伤宜配伍
城市公共厕所中,男女厕位分别超过()个时宜设置双出入口。
设随机变量X的密度函数为f(x)=,λ>0,则概率P{λ<X<λ+a}(a>0)的值()
阅读下列说明,回答问题1至问题4,将解答填入答题纸的对应栏内。【说明】某高校开发了一套基于Web的教务管理系统,实现教务管理人员课程设置、学生选课和成绩查询、教师上传成绩以及特殊情况下教务处对成绩进行修改等功能。系统基于JavaEE平台实现,
Theparticipantsinthestudyconsideredthemselves(i)______butinyieldingtothewishesofthegroup,theywereassuming(ii)
WhydidmarinesgatheronMonday?
Readinginvolveslookingatgraphicsymbolsandformulatingmentallythesoundsandideastheyrepresent.Conceptsofreadingha
最新回复
(
0
)