2. 外语
  3. There are many theories about the beginning of drama in ancient Greece. The one most widely accepted today is based on the assum

There are many theories about the beginning of drama in ancient Greece. The one most widely accepted today is based on the assum

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问题     There are many theories about the beginning of drama in ancient Greece. The one most widely accepted today is based on the assumption that drama evolved from ritual. The argument for this view goes as follows. In the beginning, human beings viewed the natural forces of the world, even the seasonal changes, as unpredictable, and they sought through various means, to control these unknown and feared powers. Those measures which appeared to bring the desired results were then retained and repeated until they hardened into fixed rituals. Eventually stories arose which explained or veiled the mysteries of the rites. As time passed some rituals were abandoned, but the stories, later called myths, persisted and provided material for art and drama.
    Those who believe that drama evolved out of ritual also argue that those rites contained the seed of theatre because music, dance, masks and costumes were almost always used. Furthermore, a suit able site had to be provided for performances, and when the entire community did not participate, a clear division was usually made between the "acting area" and the "auditorium". In addition, there were performers, and since considerable importance was attached to avoiding mistakes in the enactment of rites, religious leaders usually assumed that task. Wearing masks and costumes, they often impersonated other people, animals, or supernatural beings, and mimed the desired effect -- success in hunt or battle, the coming rain, the revival of the Sun -- as an act might. Eventually such dramatic representations were separated from religious activities.
    Another theory traces the theater’s origin from the human interest in storytelling. According to this view, tales ( about the hunt, war, or other feats) are gradually elaborated at first through the use of impersonation, action, and dialogue by a narrator anti then through the assumption of each of the roles by a different person. A closely related theory traces theater to those dances that are primarily rhythmical and gymnastic or that are imitations of animal movements and sounds.
According to the passage, what is the main difference between ritual and drama?
选项 A、Ritual uses music whereas drama does not.
B、Ritual is shorter than drama.
C、Ritual requires fewer performers than drama.
D、Ritual has a religious purpose and drama does not.
答案D
解析 该题的解答需在第一段当中找到线索，第一段内容说明戏剧起源与宗教的关系，但戏剧的素材来源是一些神话故事，并且不是为宗教服务的，而ritual是宗教仪式，肯定是为宗教服务的。该题的解答可采用排除法，A)项中所提到的内容不符合题干的要求；B)、C)两项为文中没有涉及到的信息。
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大学英语四级

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