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  3. Unhappiness comes either through fear or through vain and unbridled desire; but if a man controls these, he can win for himself

Unhappiness comes either through fear or through vain and unbridled desire; but if a man controls these, he can win for himself

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问题 Unhappiness comes either through fear or through vain and unbridled desire; but if a man controls these, he can win for himself the blessedness of understanding. Of desires, all that do not lead to a sense of pain, if they are not satisfied, are not necessary, but involve a desire which is easily dispelled, when the aim is hard to realize or they seem likely to produce harm. Wherever in the case of desires which are natural, but do not lead to a sense of pain, if they are not fulfilled, the effort is intense, such pleasures are due to idle imagination, and it is not owing to their own nature that they fail to be dispelled , but owing to the empty imagining of the man.
The disturbance of the soul cannot be ended nor true joy created either by the possession of the greatest wealth or by honor and respect in the eyes of the mob or by anything else that is associated with causes of unlimited desires. We must not violate nature, but obey her; and we shall obey her if we fulfill the necessary and natural desires, if they bring no harm to us. The man who follows nature and not vain opinions is independent in all things. For in reference to what is enough for nature every possession is riches, but in reference to unlimited desires even the greatest wealth is not riches but poverty.
Insofar as you are in difficulties, it is because you forget nature; for you create for yourself unlimited fears and desires. It is better for you to be free of fear lying upon a pallet, than to have a golden couch and a rich table and be full of trouble.
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答案 苦恼或源于恐惧，或源于无益且毫无节制的欲望。然而，倘若一个人能克制欲望，他便可以为自己赢得彻悟人生的幸福。在种种欲望之中，所有那些即使无法满足也并不导致痛苦者，均属不必需之列；而当其所求之目标难以实现或似乎有可能带来危害时，此类欲望随即烟消云散。有些自然的欲望即使无法实现也并不带来痛苦之感，而人们却求之不舍，此类快乐均源于无聊的想象，其所以未能驱散，并非本质使然，实乃根因于人之幻想。 无论是拥有巨额财富，还是荣誉，还是芸芸众生的仰慕，或任何其他导致无穷欲望的身外之物，都无法了结心灵的烦扰，更不能带来真正的快乐。我们不可悖逆天性，而应顺性而为：而所谓顺性，乃是去满足不带来危害的必需的以及自然的欲望。顺性而不为妄言蛊惑者，可独立于天地之间。凡满足天性者，一点一滴便足以使人富有；而若是填补欲壑，纵然是万贯家财，所带来的也不是富有，而是贫困。 你之所以困难重重，乃因忘却了天性；是你为自己制造了无穷的恐惧与欲望。与其锦衣玉食却忧心忡忡，不如粗茶淡饭却无忧无虑。
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