首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
Although ethics classes are common around the world, scientists are unsure if their lessons can actually change behavior; eviden
Although ethics classes are common around the world, scientists are unsure if their lessons can actually change behavior; eviden
admin
2022-04-26
61
问题
Although ethics classes are common around the world, scientists are unsure if their lessons can actually change behavior; evidence either way is weak, relying on contrived laboratory tests or sometimes unreliable self-reports. But a new study published in Cognition found that, in at least one real-world situation, a single ethics lesson may have had lasting effects.
The researchers investigated one class session’s impact on eating meat. They chose this particular behavior for three reasons, according to study co-author Eric Schwitzgebel, a philosopher at the University of California, Riverside: students’ attitudes on the topic are variable and unstable, behavior is easily measurable, and ethics literature largely agrees that eating less meat is good because it reduces environmental harm and animal suffering. Half of the students in four large philosophy classes read an article on the ethics of factory-farmed meat, optionally watched an 11-minute video on the topic and joined a 50-minute discussion. The other half focused on charitable giving instead. Then, unknown to the students, the researchers studied their anonymized meal-card purchases for that semester—nearly 14, 000 receipts for almost 500 students.
Schwitzgebel predicted the intervention would have no effect; he had previously found that ethics professors do not differ from other professors on a range of behaviors, including voting rates, blood donation and returning library books. But among student subjects who discussed meat ethics, meal purchases containing meat decreased from 52 to 45 percent—and this effect held steady for the study’s duration of several weeks. Purchases from the other group remained at 52 percent.
“That’s actually a pretty large effect for a pretty small intervention, ” Schwitzgebel says.
Psychologist Nina Strohminger at the University of Pennsylvania, who was not involved in the study, says she wants the effect to be real but cannot rule out some unknown confounding variable. And if real, she notes, it might be reversible by another nudge: “Easy come, easy go.”
Schwitzgebel suspects the greatest impact came from social influence—classmates or teaching assistants leading the discussions may have shared their own vegetarianism, showing it as achievable or more common. Second, the video may have had an emotional impact. Least rousing, he thinks, was rational argument, although his co-authors say reason might play a bigger role. Now the researchers are probing the specific effects of teaching style, teaching assistants’ eating habits and students’ video exposure. Meanwhile Schwitzgebel—who had predicted no effect—will be eating his words.
Scientists generally believe that the effects of ethics classes are________.
选项
A、hard to determine
B、narrowly interpreted
C、difficult to ignore
D、poorly summarized
答案
A
解析
本题为细节题。根据题干关键词Scientists、ethics classes定位到第一段第一句的前半句:Although ethics classes are common around the world,scientists are unsure if their lessons can actually change behavior。其中can actually change behavior (确实能够改变行为)指的就是题干中的effects (效果) 。A项hard to determine (很难确定)是对第一句中unsure (不确定的)的同义替换。所以本题选A。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/XTi4777K
0
考研英语二
相关试题推荐
Oneofthequestionsthatiscomingintofocusaswefacegrowingscarcityofresourcesofmanykindsintheworldishowtodiv
ManyAmericansregardthejurysystemasaconcreteexpressionofcrucialdemocraticvalues,includingtheprinciplesthatallc
Thelongestbullruninacenturyofart-markethistoryendedonadramaticnotewithasaleof56worksbyDamienHirst,Beauti
Asia’srealboat-rockerisagrowingChina,notJapan,aseniorAmericaneconomistobserved.Thereissomuchnoisesurround
Nameshavegainedincreasingimportanceinthecompetitiveworldofhighereducation.Ascollegesstriveformarketshare,they
Nameshavegainedincreasingimportanceinthecompetitiveworldofhighereducation.Ascollegesstriveformarketshare,they
TheUnitedStateshashistoricallyhadhigherratesofmarriagethanthoseofotherindustrializedcountries.Thecurrentannual
Prettyinpink:adultwomendonotrememberbeingsoobsessedwiththecolour,yetitispervasiveinouryounggirls’lives.It
Theclean-energybusinessisturningintothenextbiginvestmentboom,inwhichrisksarelightlyignored.Untilrecently,reca
Socialscientistshavebeentryingtoidentifytheconditionsmostlikelytopromotesatisfyinghumanlives.Theirfindingsgive
随机试题
下列关于印花税缴纳方法的表述,不正确的是()。
下列自然人中,属于无民事行为能力人的是()。
下列不属于美国社会心理学家班杜拉强化理论的分类的是()。
当代世界教育改革的趋势主要有()
认为动物界也有教育且把教育看作是一个生物学过程的观点是()。
我国十二届全国人大常委会第七次会议表决通过了两个决定:将9月3日定为中国人民抗日战争胜利纪念日,将()设为南京大屠杀死难者国家公祭日。
18世纪、19世纪宪法所规定的公民基本权利,只限于人身自由、言论自由、出版自由、集会自由等自由权。但随着()的制定,公民的基本权利从自由权已扩大到了社会权、经济和文化权利领域。
使用VC6打开考生文件夹下的源程序文件modi2.cpp。完成fun()数,其功能是:求出M行N列二维数组每行元素中的最小值,并计算它们的和值。和值通过形参传回主函数输出。注意:不能修改程序的其他部分,只能修改fun()函数。#inClude
Increasingly,thedevelopmentoftourismisseentohaveaneffectontheenvironment.Erosion(磨损)isoneproblem.Thestepsand
OnProfessionalEthicsofDoctors1.目前许多医生的职业道德遭到人们的质疑2.原因是…3.你认为应该如何解决这一问题
最新回复
(
0
)