首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
A classic series of experiments to determine the effects of overpopulation on communities of rats was conducted by a psychologis
A classic series of experiments to determine the effects of overpopulation on communities of rats was conducted by a psychologis
admin
2010-04-12
33
问题
A classic series of experiments to determine the effects of overpopulation on communities of rats was conducted by a psychologist, John Calhoun. In each experiment, an equal number of male and female rats were placed in an enclosure. The rat populations were allowed to increase. Calhoun knew from experience approximately how many rats could live in the enclosures without experiencing stress due to overcrowding. He allowed the population to increase to approximately twice this number. Then he stabilized the population by removing offspring that were not dependent on their mothers. At the end of the experiments, Calhoun was able to conclude that overcrowding causes a breakdown in the normal social relationships among rats, a kind of social disease. The rats in the experiments did not follow the same patterns of behavior as rats would in a community without overcrowding.
The females in the rat population were the most seriously affected by the high population density. For example, mothers sometimes abandoned their pups, and, without their mothers’ care, the pups died. The experiments verified that in overpopulated communities, mother rats do not behave normally. Their behavior may be considered diseased, pathological (病理学的).
The dominant males in the rat population were the least affected by overpopulation. Each of these strong males claimed an area of the enclosure as his own. Therefore, these individuals did not experience the overcrowding in the same way as the other rats did. However, dominant males did behave pathologically at times. Their antisocial behavior consisted of attacks on weaker male, female, and immature rats. This deviant (不正常的) behavior showed that even though the dominant males had enough living space, they too were affected by the general overcrowding.
Non-dominant males in the experimental rat communities also exhibited deviant social behavior. Some withdrew completely, avoiding contact with other rats. Other non-dominant males were hyperactive, chasing other rats and fighting each other.
The behavior of the rat population has parallels in human behavior. People in densely populated areas exhibit deviant behavior similar to that of rats in Calhoun’s experiments. In large urban areas, such as New York City, London, and Cairo, there are abandoned children. There are cruel, powerful individuals, both men and women. There are also people who withdraw and people who become hyperactive. Is the principal cause of these disorders overpopulation? Calhoun’s experiments suggest that it might be. In any case, social scientists and city planners have been influenced by the results of this series of experiments.
The author implies that the behavior of the dominant male rats is sometimes parallel with that of ______.
选项
A、cruel, powerful people
B、people who abandon their children
C、hyperactive people
D、people who would like to keep to themselves
答案
A
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/XXj7777K
0
大学英语四级
相关试题推荐
Thisarticleismainlyabouthowtokeephealthythroughfoodandexercises.Researcherscurrentlybelievenoteatingfatism
A、Itisinthecenterofthecampus.B、Itshouldhaveamapofthecity.C、Ithasinformationaboutsummercamps.D、Itprobably
CanBusinessBeCool?Whyagrowingnumberoffirmsaretakingglobalwarmingseriously.Companiessupportingenvironmentprote
A、Atgasstation.B、Atabank.C、Atahospital.D、Ataschool.C[听力原文]W:CouldyoupleasetellmewhatroomRobertDavisisin?
WhenMikeKellyfirstsetouttobuildhisownprivatespace-ferryservice,hefigureshisbread-and-butterbusinesswouldbelo
ThecontinentalUnitedStateswillfacemoreextremetemperaturesduringthenextcenturyandworserainfallalongitsGulfCoas
AccordingtoParagraphI,Haileisthelatestinalonglineof______.Ethiopianscouldeasilywindistancerunningmainlybec
Mostshoplifters(商店扒手)agreethattheJanuarysalesofferwonderfulopportunitiesforthehard-workingthief.Withtheshopsso
Onedayapoliceofficermanagertogetsomefreshmushrooms.Hewassopleasedwithwhathehadboughtthatheofferedto【S1】__
A、Staffworkersneedalotofspecialtraining.B、Staffworkershavealotofresponsibility.C、Staffworkerscandealwithalmo
随机试题
某位在医院工作的人员说:“医院里的医务人员,包括我在内,总共是16名医生和护士。下面讲到的人员情况,无论是否把我计算在内,都不会有任何变化。在这些医护人员中:(1)护士多于医生。(2)男医生多于男护士。(3)男护士多于女护士。(4)至少有一位女医生
主气滞血瘀证的脉象有
多潘立酮又称
A.伪麻黄素B.r-羟丁酸C.苯巴比妥D.芬太尼按第一类精神药品管理的是
某施工企业于2015年1月1日办理了安全生产许可证,2018年5月持证施工时受到有关部门查处,有关部门对该施工企业正确的处理方式是()。
从国外进口一批价值为2500元人民币的货样广告品(列入《自动进口许可管理货物目录》),按照规定免予向海关提交自动进口许可证。()
与普通合伙制企业相比,下列各项中,属于公司制企业特点的是()。
(2011年)A注册会计师负责审计甲公司2010年度财务报表。在审计过程中,A注册会计师遇到下列事项:(1)甲公司拥有3家子公司,分别生产不同的饮料产品。甲公司所处行业整体竞争激烈,市场处于饱和状态,同行业公司的主营业务收入年增长率低于5%,但甲公司董事
以下股利分配政策中,最有利于股价稳定的是()[浙江工商大学2012研]
计算=_______.
最新回复
(
0
)