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  3. A paper in The Lancet, shamelessly timed to coincide with the Olympic games, compares countries’ rates of physical activity. The

A paper in The Lancet, shamelessly timed to coincide with the Olympic games, compares countries’ rates of physical activity. The

admin2021-09-17  15
问题    A paper in The Lancet, shamelessly timed to coincide with the Olympic games, compares countries’ rates of physical activity. The study it describes, led by Pedro Hallal of the Federal University of Pelotas, in Brazil, is the most complete portrait yet of the world’s busy bees and couch potatoes.
   It suggests that nearly a third of adults are not getting enough exercise. That rates of exercise have declined is hardly a new discovery. Since the beginning of the industrial revolution, technology and economic growth have conspired to create a world in which the flexing of muscles is more and more an option rather than a necessity.
   But only recently have enough good data been collected from enough places to carry out the sort of analysis Dr. Hallal and his colleagues have engaged in. In all, they were able to pool data from 122 countries, covering 89% of the world’s population. They considered sufficient physical activity to be 30 minutes of moderate exercise five days a week, 20 minutes of vigorous exercise three days a week, or some combination of the two. There are common themes in different places.
   Unsurprisingly, people in rich countries are less active than those in poor ones, and old people are less active than young ones. Less obviously, women tend to exercise less than men—34% are inactive, compared with 28% of men. But there are exceptions. The women of Iraq and Finland, for example, move more than their male countrymen.
   Six Americans in ten are sufficiently active by Dr. Hallal’s definition, compared with fewer than four in ten Britons. In an accompanying analysis of people’s habits, Dr. Hallal found equally wide differences. In South-East Asia fewer than a quarter sit for at least four hours each day; in Europe 64% do. And even neighbors may differ. Only 2% of Swiss walk to work, whereas 23% of Germans do so. These high rates of inactivity are worrying.
   Paradoxically, human beings seem to have evolved to benefit from exercise while eschewing it whenever they can. In a state of nature it would be impossible to live a life that did not provide enough of it to be beneficial, while over-exercising would use up scarce calories to little advantage. But that no longer pertains. According to another paper in The Lancet, insufficient activity these days has nearly the same effect on life expectancy as smoking.
   
Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the first two paragraphs?
选项 A、The paper in The Lancet was published when the Olympic games began.
B、Pedro Hallal did a research about diligent and lazy people around.
C、It is surprising that people find the rates of exercise have dropped.
D、After the industrial revolution, people gradually choose to exercise.
答案C
解析 细节题。根据题干关键词定位到第一、二段。根据第二段第二句中的关键词hardly和该句句意“人们的锻炼比率有所下降这并不是什么新发现”可知，C项“人们惊奇地发现锻炼比率已经下降了”不符合文意，故为正确答案。
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