首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
医学
It is common to think that other animals are ruled by instinct whereas humans lost their instincts and ruled by reason, and that
It is common to think that other animals are ruled by instinct whereas humans lost their instincts and ruled by reason, and that
admin
2013-12-06
59
问题
It is common to think that other animals are ruled by instinct whereas humans lost their instincts and ruled by reason, and that this is why we are so much more flexibly intelligent than other animals. William James, in his book Principles of Psychology, took the opposite view. He argued that human behavior is more flexibly intelligent than that of other animals because we have more instincts than they do, not fewer. We tend to be blind to the existence of these instincts, however, precisely because they work so well—because they process information so effortlessly and automatically. They structure our thought so powerfully, he argued, that it can be difficult to imagine how things could be otherwise. As a result, we take normal behavior for granted. We do not realize that normal behavior needs to be explained at all. This instinct blindness makes the study of psychology difficult. To get past this problem, James suggested that we try to make the natural seem strange. It takes a mind debauched by learning to carry the process of making the natural seem strange, so far as to ask for the why of an instinctive human act.
In our view, William James was right about evolutionary psychology. Making the natural seem strange is unnatural—it requires the twisted outlook seen, for example, in Gary Larson cartoons. Yet it is a central part of the enterprise. Many psychologists avoid the study of natural competences, thinking that there is nothing there to be explained. As a result, social psychologists are disappointed unless they find a phenomenon that would surprise their grandmothers and cognitive psychologists spend more time studying how we solve problems we are bad at, like learning math or playing chess, than ones we are good at. But our natural competences—our abilities to see, to speak, to find someone beautiful, to reciprocate a favor, to fear disease, to fall in love, to initiate an attack, to experience moral outrage, to navigate a landscape, and myriad others—are possible only because there is a vast and heterogeneous array of complex computational machinery supporting and regulating these activities. This machinery works so well that we don’t even realize that it exists — we all suffer from instinct blindness. As a result, psychologists have neglected to study some of the most interesting machinery in the human mind.
William James believed that man is more flexibly intelligent than other animals because man is more______.
选项
A、adaptive
B、reasonable
C、instinctive
D、sophisticated
答案
C
解析
第一段中“It is common to think that…William James,in his book Principles ofPsychology,took the opposite view.”说的是人们通常认为动物受本能控制,人受理智控制,而William James持相反的观点。故C正确。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/XfU3777K
本试题收录于:
医学博士外语题库考研分类
0
医学博士外语
考研
相关试题推荐
InthispartthereisanessayinChinese.Readitcarefullyandthenwriteasummaryof200wordsinEnglishontheANSWERSHEE
A、Heisstillworriedabouthisskinproblem.B、Herecommendsanointmenttothewoman.C、Hedidn’tseethedoctorforhisskin
Shouldtheybeincludedinourlistofproblemsrequiringspecialtechniquesand______?
Englishspeakerspickuppitchintherighthemispheresoftheirbrains,butspeakersofcertainotherlanguagesperceiveiton
Folkwisdomholdsthattheblindcanhearbetterthanpeoplewithsight.Scientistshaveanewreasontobelieveit.Researc
A、TheAmericanpopulationincreasedby40percent.B、Somanyschoolchildrendiedofpoliointhenation.C、Apolioplagueswept
Ifyou______aheart-attackorstrokevictimwhoneedsyourassistance,yourfirstresponseshouldbetostaycalmandurgebyst
Childrenshouldavoidusingmobilephonesforallbutessentialcallsbecauseofpossiblehealtheffectsonyoungbrains.Thisi
A、Allanimalsinthebush.B、Theremnantofthesameprimevalprogramming.C、Thesameprimevalprogramming.D、Allanimalsinthe
A、Agroupofscientistsandnurses.B、Thecommunities.C、Theinfants’mother.D、Thelocalmedicalcenter.D从“Aspecialresearch
随机试题
在经济周期的某个时期,产出、价格、利率、就业不断上升,直至某个高峰,说明经济变动处于()
正常人体内血清无机磷的浓度为
心肌缺血急性发作造成影响的时间是
业务开发应以公司的()和()为基础;借助()和()获得,达到成功地组织实施项目的目的。
某化工设备安装工程采用项目总承包模式进行建设,并由某设备监理公司承担监理任务,建设单位分别与设备安装工程公司和设备监理公司签订了工程合同。该设备监理公司在施工单位进行材料采购时,配备4名设备监理工程师实施现场监理。[问题]1.简要说明设备采购计
施工阶段,按照《建设工程监理规范》(GB50319—2000)的规定,项目总监理工程师可将( )工作委托总监理工程师代表。
以下活动属于问题解决的有()
2014年2月24日,上海举行了上海市行政审批制度改革工作电视电话会议,会议强调要把深化行政审批制度改革作为全面贯彻落实十八届三中全会精神的重要抓手,突出先行先试,突出制度突破,突出务实高效,通过进一步(),在放开、放手、放活上下工夫,确保审改工作
“你真的不知道?”的语调应念成降调。()
A、Shewasfondoflivinganisolatedlife.B、ShewasfascinatedbyAmericanculture.C、Shewasverygenerousinofferinghelp.D
最新回复
(
0
)