麻将(Chinese Mahjong)是一种源自中国的益智游戏,参与者一般为4人。一副麻将有136张牌(tile),由用竹子、骨头或塑料制成的小长方块组成,小方块上面刻有图案或字样。因而,麻将牌实际上是纸牌与骨牌(dominoes)的结合体。不同地区的游戏

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问题     麻将(Chinese Mahjong)是一种源自中国的益智游戏,参与者一般为4人。一副麻将有136张(tile),由用竹子、骨头或塑料制成的小长方块组成,小方块上面刻有图案或字样。因而,麻将牌实际上是纸牌与骨牌(dominoes)的结合体。不同地区的游戏规则稍有不同,复杂而有趣。打麻将的技巧灵活而多变,因此成为中国历史上最能吸引人的一种博戏(gambling)形式。打麻将可以使人放松,但如果长期沉迷于这种游戏,会对人的身心造成极大伤害。

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答案 Chinese Mahjong is a puzzle game originated in China, mainly played by four players. A Mahjong set, with 136 tiles, is composed of small rectangle blocks, which are made of bamboo, bones or plastics. There are patterns or characters carved on the surface of blocks. Thus, Mahjong tiles are actually a combination of cards and dominoes. Being slightly different from place to place, rules of playing the game are generally complicated and fascinating. Strategies in playing Mahjong are so flexible and variable that it has been the most attractive gambling in the history of China. Playing Mahjong can make people relaxed, but it can do harm to players physically and mentally if they get addicted to it for a long time.

解析 1.在翻译第一句时,可将“麻将是一种益智游戏”作为主干,“源自中国”作后置定语修饰“益智游戏”;“参与者一般为4人”可以翻译为mainly played by four players,用过去分词短语作状语对前面的主句进行补充说明。
2.第二句话句子较长,可以拆译为两个句子。前一句的主干结构可理解为“麻将由……组成”,“用竹子、骨头或塑料制成的”可使用which引导的非限制性定语从句。后一句“小方块上面刻有图案或字样”可用there be句型表示“有,存在”。
3.“不同地区的游戏……”一句中,可将“游戏规则复杂而有趣”作为主干,“不同地区的游戏规则稍有不同”可译为现在分词短语Being slightly different from place to place,作状语置于句首。
4.“打麻将的技巧……博戏形式”的翻译中没有简单地使用because或so,而是使用so...that...的句型来强调结果,连接两个汉语短句,使句子表达更地道。
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