首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Throughout the history of life, species of living creatures have made use of chemical energy by the slow combination of certain
Throughout the history of life, species of living creatures have made use of chemical energy by the slow combination of certain
admin
2013-01-15
42
问题
Throughout the history of life, species of living creatures have made use of chemical energy by the slow combination of certain chemicals with oxygen within their cells. The process is analogous to combustion, but is slower and much more delicately controlled. Sometimes use is made of energy available in the bodies of stronger species as when a remora hitches a ride on a shark or a human being hitches an ox to a plough.
Inanimate sources of energy are sometimes used when species allow themselves to be carried or moved by wind or by water currents. In those cases, though, the inanimate source of energy must be accepted at the place and time that it happens to be and in the amount that happens to exist.
The human use of fire involved an inanimate source of energy that was portable and could be used wherever desired. It could be ignited or extinguished at will and could be used when desired. It could be kept small of feed till it was large, and could be used in the quantities desired.
The use of fire made it possible for human beings, evolutionarily equipped for mild weather only, to penetrate the temperate zones. It made it possible for them to survive cold nights and long winters, to achieve security against fire-avoiding predators, and to roast meat and grain, thus broadening their diet and limiting the danger of bacterial and parasitic
infestation.
Human beings multiplied in number and that meant there were more brains to plan future advances. With fire, life was not quite so hand-to-mouth; and there was more time to put those brains to work on something other than immediate emergencies.
In short, the use of fire put into motion an accelerating series of technological advances.
About 10,000 years ago, in the Middle East, a series of crucial advances were made. These included the development of agriculture, herding, cities, pottery, metallurgy, and writing. The final step that of writing, took place in the Middle East about 5,000 years ago.
This complex of changes stretching over a period of 5,000 years introduced what we call civilization, the name we give to a settled life, to a complex society in which human beings are specialized for various tasks.
To be sure other animals can build complex societies and can be composed of different types of individuals specialized for different tasks. This is most marked in such social insects as bees, ants, and termites where individuals are in some cases physiologically specialized to the point where they cannot eat, but must be fed by others. Some species of ants practice agriculture and grow small mushroom gardens, while others herd aphids; still others war on and enslave smaller species of ants. And, of course, the beehive and the ant or termite colony have many points of analogy with the human city.
The most complex nonhuman societies’, those of the insects, are, however, the re-suit of instinctive behaviour, the guidelines of which are built into the genes and nervous systems of the individuals at birth. Nor does as any nonhuman society make use of fire. With insignificant exceptions, insect societies are run by the energy produced by the insect body.
It is fair, then, to consider human societies as basically different from other societies and to attribute what we call civilization to human societies only.
Which of the following is NOT stated in the passage?
选项
A、The process of species making chemical energy is similar to the process of combustion.
B、The process of species making chemical energy is less complicated than the process of combustion.
C、Fire is a portable, inanimate source of energy.
D、Man sometimes makes use of energy available in the bodies of stronger species.
答案
B
解析
本题的四个选项中,只有B项为正确答案。这可参照文中第一段的“The process is analogous to combustion,but is slower and much more delicately controlled”。而其余三项在文中都曾提及。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/Xn2O777K
0
考博英语
相关试题推荐
Thesinglegreatestshiftinthehistoryofmass-communicationtechnologyoccurredinthe15thcentury,andwaswelldescribedb
Thesinglegreatestshiftinthehistoryofmass-communicationtechnologyoccurredinthe15thcentury,andwaswelldescribedb
Thesinglegreatestshiftinthehistoryofmass-communicationtechnologyoccurredinthe15thcentury,andwaswelldescribedb
【66】Astateuniversitypresidentwasarrestedtodayandchargedwithimpersonateapoliceofficerbecame,theauthoritiessay,h
Yourkindnessingiving______totheconsiderationoftheaboveproblemwillbehighlyappreciated.
Thepolicehaveofferedalarge______forinformationleadingtotherobber’sarrest.
Thebusinessofadvertisingistoinventmethodsofaddressingmassiveaudiencesinalanguagedesignedtobeeasilyaccessible
OneofFreud’sgreat______intothehumanpersonalitywasthediscoveryofhowitisinfluencedbyunconsciousprocesses.
Manyinstructorsbelievethataninformal,relaxedclassroomenvironmentis【1】tolearningandinnovation.Itisnotuncommon
随机试题
犬库欣综合征的典型临床特征是
增液汤原方配伍用量最大的药物是()
A.变形杆菌B.大肠埃希菌C.肺炎链球菌D.铜绿假单胞菌E.拟杆菌通过血行播散引起的原发性腹膜炎致病菌主要是()
关于主要工程设计方案,下列说法正确的有()。
下列各项中不属于宪法的特征的一项是()。
有人认为,创造力和精神疾病是密不可分的。其理由是:尽管高智商是天才不可或缺的要素,但是仅当高智商与认知抑制解除相结合的情况下才能得到创造性天才。 以下各项如果为真,最能质疑上述观点的是:
游记对于()相当于()对于爱情
若SQL语句中的ORDERBY短语中指定了多个字段,则
Thepolicearrestedthesuspectyesterdayandreleasedhimthismorning.
7389932
最新回复
(
0
)