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  3. In most sectors of the economy, it is the seller who attempts to act a potential buyer with various inducements of price, qualit

In most sectors of the economy, it is the seller who attempts to act a potential buyer with various inducements of price, qualit

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问题    In most sectors of the economy, it is the seller who attempts to act a potential buyer with various inducements of price, quality, and utility, and it is the buyer who makes the decision. In the health care industry, however, the doctor-patient relationship is a mirror image of the ordinary relationship between producer and consumer. Once an individual has chosen to see a physician, the physician usually makes all significant purchasing decisions: whether the patient should return "next Wednesday", whether X-rays are needed, whether drugs should be prescribed, etc.
   This is particularly significant in relation to hospital care. The physician must certify the need for hospitalization, determine what procedures will be performed, and announce when the patient may be discharged. The patient may be consulted about some of these decisions, but in the main it is the doctor’s judgments that are final. Little wonder then that in the eyes of the hospital it is the physician who is the real "consumer". As a consequence, the medical staff represents the "power centre" in hospital policy and decision-making, not the administration.
   Although usually, there are in this situation four identifiable participants--the physician, the hospital, the patient and the payer (generally an insurance carrier or government) -- the physician makes the essential decision for all of them. The hospital becomes an extension of the physician, the payer generally meets most of the bona fide bills generated by the physician/ hospital, and for the most part, the patient plays a passive role. In routine or minor illensses, or just plain worries, the patient’s options are, of course, much greater with respect to use and price. But in illnesses that are of some significance, such choice tends to evaporate. And it is for these illnesses that the bulk of the health care dollar is spent. We estimate that about 75 --80 percent of health care expenditures are determined by physicians. For this reason, economy measures directed at patients or the general public are relatively ineffective.
According to the author, when a doctor tells a patient to "return next Wednesday", the doctor is in effect ______.
选项 A、taking advantage of the patient’s concern for his health
B、instructing the patient to buy more medical service
C、warning the patient that a hospital stay might be necessary
D、advising the patient to seek a second opinion
答案B
解析 根据作者的观点，如果医生叫病人下星期三再来，医生实质上是指示病人购买更多的医疗服务。作者在第一段说，就医疗行业而言，医生和患者之间的关系反映生产者和消费者之间正常的关系。一旦某个人决定看医生，医生通常(为病人)作出重要的购买决定。
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