首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Complete the flow chart below. Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer. Expertise in creative writing B
Complete the flow chart below. Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer. Expertise in creative writing B
admin
2014-11-08
19
问题
Complete the flow chart below.
Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer.
Expertise in creative writing
Background—researcher had previously studied 【L31】______
↓
Had initial idea for research—inspired by a book(the 【L32】______ of a famous novelist).
↓
Posed initial question—why do some people become experts whilst others don’t?
↓
Read expertise research in different fields.
Avoided studies conducted in a 【L33】______.because too controlled.
Most helpful studies-research into 【L34】______, e.g. waiting tables.
↓
Found participants: four true 【L35】______in creative writing (easy to find)and four with extensive experience.
↓
Using ’think aloud’ techniques, gathered 【L36】______data from inexperienced writer.(During session—assistant made 【L37】______recordings).
↓
Gathered similar data from experienced writers.
↓
Compared two data sets and generated a 【L38】______for analysis (Identified five major stages in writing—will be refined later).
↓
Got an expert 【L39】______to evaluate the quality of the different products.
↓
Identified the most effective 【L40】______of stages in producing text.
【L33】
Narrator: You will hear a psychology undergraduate describing the research she is currently doing on expertise in creative writing. First you have some time to look at Questions 31-40. Now listen, and answer Questions 31-40.
Student: For my short presentation today, I’m going to summarise the work I’ve done so far on my research project: to explore expertise in creative writing. Essentially, I’ll share with you the process I underwent to gather my interim findings.
First of all, I should give a little relevant background information about myself—before I started my current degree course in cognitive psychology, I studied English literature and, as you can imagine, this meant I spent a great deal of time thinking about the notion of creativity and what makes people develop into successful writers. However, the idea for this research project came from a very specific source —I became fascinated with the idea of what makes an expert creative writer when I read a well-known twentieth century writer’s autobiography. I won’t say which one, at this stage, because I think that might prejudice your interpretation! Anyway, this got me thinking about the different routes to expertise. Specifically I wondered why some people become experts at things whilst others fail to do so, in spite of the fact that they may be equally gifted and work equally hard.
I started to read about how other researchers had explored similar questions in other fields. I began to see a pattern— that those studies which involved research in a lab were too controlled for my purposes and I decided to avoid reading them. I was quite surprised to find that the clearest guidance for my topic came from investigations into what I call ’practical skills’ such as hairdressing or waiting tables. Most of these studies tended to use a similar set of procedures, which I eventually adopted for my own project.
Student: I’ll now explain what these procedures were. I decided to compare what inexperienced writers do with what experienced writers do. In order to investigate this, I looked for four people whom I regarded as real novices in this field—which proved easy ... perhaps unsurprisingly. It proved much harder to locate people with suitably extensive experience who were willing to take part in my study. I asked the first four to do a set writing task and as they wrote, to talk into a tape-recorder... a technique known as ’think aloud’ ... this was in order to get experimental data. Whilst they were doing this, a research assistant recorded them using video—I thought it might be helpful for me in my transcriptions later on. I then asked four experienced writers to do exactly the same task. After this, I made a comparison between the two sets of data and this helped me to produce a framework for analysis. In particular, I identified five major stages which all creative writers seem to go through when generating this genre of text. I think it was fairly effective but still needs some work ... so I intend to tighten this up later for use with subsequent data sets.
I then wanted to see whether experienced writers were actually producing the better pieces of writing. So I asked an editor, an expert in reviewing creative writing, to decide which were the best pieces of writing. This person put the eight pieces of work in order of quality—in rank order— and, using his evaluations, I was then able to work out which sequence of the five stages seemed to lead to the best quality writing.
Now my findings are by no means conclusive as this point... I still have a long way to go but if any of you have any questions, I’d be happy to answer them and ...
选项
答案
lab(oratory)
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/Y4AO777K
本试题收录于:
雅思听力题库雅思(IELTS)分类
0
雅思听力
雅思(IELTS)
相关试题推荐
TheRiveraArtMuseumrecentlybeganchargingadmission.Theresultingdeclineinvisitorshasbeenfarlargerthanatotherloc
Discussiontopic:TransportExampleQuestions:•Whichtypesoftransportdoyouthinkarebetterforshortjourneysandwhicha
IntroductionandInterviewInterview(choose1)Let’stalkaboutwhereyoulive.Whatisyourtownfamousfor?
IntroductionandInterviewInterview(choose1)Let’stalkaboutwhereyoulive.Doyouliveinamodemcityoran
Describeausefulskillyoulearnt.Youshouldsay:whattheskillishowyoulearntitwhyyoulearntitandexplainwhyyouth
Whattypesofthingsdoyouenjoybuyingthemostonline?
Canyougivesomesuggestionsabouthowtochooseacollegemajor?
Theuniversityshouldacceptequalnumbersofmaleandfemalestudentsineverysubject.Doyouagreeordisagree?
Inmanycountriesschoolshavesevereproblemswithstudentbehavior.Whatdoyouthinkarethecausesofthis?Whatsolutionsc
TheTreloarValleypassengerferry
随机试题
“国际教育”的观念基础主要是()
下列关于三角肌的描述,错误的是
城市环境卫生设施工程系统总体规划的主要内容有()。
臭氧作疗器
下列关于金融衍生工具的叙述,错误的是()。
《旅馆业治安管理办法》规定,开办旅馆,其房屋建筑、消防设备、出人口和通道等,必须符合消防治安法规的有关规定,并且要具备必要的()。
矫正社会工作的服务贯穿于整个()过程。
甲、乙、丙、丁四人共同做一批纸盒,甲做的纸盒是另外三人做的总和的一半,乙做的纸盒数是另外三人做的总和的1/3,丙的纸盒数是另外三人做的总和的1/4,丁一共做了169个,问甲一共做了多少个纸盒?()
根据以下资料。回答101-105题。2009年以来,山东省工业生产增速呈波动回升态势,8月份规模以上工业增加值增长15.0%,比年初增速提高3.3个百分点。1-8月,累计实现增加值12188.4亿元,增长12.6%,较上半年增速提高0.6个百分点,
Whenitcomestoeatingsmartforyourheart,stopthinkingaboutshort-termfixesandsimplifylifewithastraightforwardappr
最新回复
(
0
)