2. 外语
  3. Ours has become a society of employees. A hundred years or so ago only one out of every five Americans at work was employed, i.

Ours has become a society of employees. A hundred years or so ago only one out of every five Americans at work was employed, i.

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问题       Ours has become a society of employees. A hundred years or so ago only one out of every five Americans at work was employed, i. e. , worked for somebody else. Today only one out of five is not employed but working for himself. And when fifty years ago "being employed" meant working as a factory laborer or as a farmhand, the employee of today is increasingly a middle-class person with a substantial formal education, holding a professional or management job requiring intellectual and technical skills. Indeed, two things have characterized American society during these last fifty years: middle-class and upper-class employees have been tile fastestgrowing groups in our working population—growing so fast that the industrial worker, that oldest child of the Industrial Revolution, has been losing in numerical importance despite the expansion of industrial production.
     Yet you will find little if anything written on what it is to be an employee. You can find a great deal of very dubious advice on how to get a job or how to get a promotion. You can also find a good deal of work in a chosen field, whether it be the mechanist’s trade or book-keeping(簿记). Every one of these trades requires different skills, sets different standards, and requires a different preparation. Yet they all have employeeship in common. And increasingly, especially in the large business or in government, employeeship is more important to success than the special professional knowledge or skill. Certainly more people fail because they do not know the requirements of being an employee than because they do not adequately possess the skills of their trade; the higher you climb the ladder, the more you get into administrative or executive work, the greater the emphasis on ability to work within the organization rather than on technical abilities or professional knowledge.
According to the writer, professional knowledge or skill is _______.
选项 A、less important than awareness of being a good employee
B、as important as the ability to deal with public relations
C、more important than the ability to cooperate with others in the organization
D、as important as the ability to cooperate with others in the organization
答案A
解析 推理题。本题考查是否理解文章第二段中关于专门知识和技能的重要性的论点。可以从最后一句找到答案。这一句指出：“人们失败的原因更多的是不知道如何当好雇员，而不是缺乏本行业的专业技能”。因此选项A为正确答案。选项B说的是公共关系的能力，与文章说的在单位内部开展工作的能力不符：选项D说两者同等重要是不对的。
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