首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Malnutrition during weaning age—when breast milk is being replaced by semi-solid foods—is highly prevalent in children of poor h
Malnutrition during weaning age—when breast milk is being replaced by semi-solid foods—is highly prevalent in children of poor h
admin
2021-06-15
42
问题
Malnutrition during weaning age—when breast milk is being replaced by semi-solid foods—is highly prevalent in children of poor households in many developing countries. While the etiology(病因学)is complex and multifactorial, the immediate causes are recognized as feeding at less than adequate levels for child growth and development, and recurrent infections, including diarrhea, resulting mainly from ingestion of contaminated foods. As a result, many young children, particularly between six months to two years of age, experience weight loss and impaired growth and development.
Studies by investigators in various countries have concentrated on traditional food preparation methods and have resulted in offering cheap and practical answers to these problems based on familiar, indigenous and culturally acceptable home processing practices.
Two such answers have arisen. Firstly, cereal fermentation is used for reducing the risk of contamination under the existing inappropriate conditions for food preparation and storage in many households. Secondly, a tiny amount of sprouted grains flour is used in preparation of weaning foods as a magic way to lessen the viscosity without decreasing energy density.
A method to eliminate pathogenic(致病的)bacteria and inhibit their growth during storage of weaning preparations can benefit nutrition and health in young children considerably. Use of fermented foods for feeding children of weaning age appears to be an effective solution. Fermented foods have lower levels of diarrheal germ contamination, they are suitable for child feeding, and can be safely stored for much longer periods of time than fresh foods. The practice has been a traditional way of food, preservation in many parts of the world. The anti-microbial properties of fermented foods and their relative higher safety— documented since the early 1900s—have been indicated in a number of studies.
In Ghana, it is common to ferment maize dough before cooking it as porridge. In Kenya, cereal-based porridge and milk are traditionally fermented. Preserving milk in the form of yogurt has been known to many households living in hot climate.
What are the underlying mechanisms by which fermentation processes help to prevent or reduce contamination? A possible answer suggests that during the fermentation process foods become more acid. This explains why diarrhea-causing bacteria are not able to grow in fermented foods as rapidly as in unfermented ones. It is also hypothesized that some of the germs present in the foods are killed or inhibited from growing through the action of antimicrobial substances produced during fermentation. The fermented foods can, therefore, be kept for a longer time compared to fresh ones. It has been shown that while contamination levels in cooked unfermented foods increase with storage time, fermented foods remain less contaminated.
Whatever the underlying mechanisms, the fact is that the exercise reduces contamination without adding to the household cost both in terms of time and money. Its preparation is easy. The cereal flour is mixed with water to form a dough which is left to be fermented; addition of yeast(酵母), or mixing with a small portion of previously fermented dough is sometimes needed. The dough can then be cooked into porridge for feeding to the child.
Although beneficial, unfortunately the practice is going out of fashion, partly because of current emphasis on the use of fresh foods, particularly for children. For example, a study on the use of fermented foods for young children in Kenya, demonstrated that while foods are still frequently fermented at home for child feeding, their use is becoming less popular, particularly in urban area where commercial products are more available. Clearly they now need to be promoted.
Directions:
The statements below relate to the passage you have just read. Identify whether they are TRUE or FALSE and mark the corresponding letter(T for True and F for False)on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.
The fermentation of foods is investigated because it both inhibits food contamination and enhances storability.
选项
A、TRUE
B、FALSE
答案
A
解析
本题可从文中的“cereal fermentation is used for reducing the risk of contamination under the existing inappropriate conditions for food preparation and storage in many households”推知。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/YJTO777K
0
考博英语
相关试题推荐
PerhapsIshouldnothavedoneso,butIchangedmymindaboutthenewjobeventhoughIwas______lastweek.
Anextensivefoundationinthebasicsciencesshouldberequiredofallsciencestudents,______.
Recentresearchfromanimalbehavioristssuggeststhat"asthecrowflies"shouldnolongerbetakentomean"theshortestdista
Inarecentsurvey,GarberandHoltzconcludedthattheaveragehalf-hourchildren’stelevisionshowcontains47violentacts.W
Inarecentsurvey,GarberandHoltzconcludedthattheaveragehalf-hourchildren’stelevisionshowcontains47violentacts.W
Aschildrengetolder,self-disciplineshouldtaketheplaceofimposeddiscipline.Constrainsbecomeinternalizedandchildren
Thecustomis______inthebeliefthatanewpregnancy—throughitsdetrimentaleffectonbreastfeeding—wouldendangerthemother’
Theteachergavethestudentsextraworkbecauseshewas______byallthenoiseandtalkingintheclassroom.
Hewas______tobeacollegegraduatebutheknewnothingabouthistory.
随机试题
在讲完“校园的绿地面积”后,王老师要求学生回家测量自家房间的面积。这种教学方法是()。
大骨节病活跃病区概念可用于
A.检查者偏倚B.回忆偏倚C.报告偏倚D.选择性偏倚E.无应答偏倚调查对象因时间久远,难以准确回忆使回答不准确而造成的是
患者汗出恶风,身重,小便不利,舌淡苔白,脉浮。治疗应首选
A.病理性缩复环B.痉挛性缩复环C.撕裂样剧痛后产妇感觉腹痛骤减,宫缩停止D.持续性腹痛,子宫硬如板状,宫底逐渐增高E.持续性腹痛,拒按,但宫底部宫缩不强
高钾血症引起心律失常时,静脉注射应首选药物是
国家开发银行的成立时间是()。
情感是人类对世界的艺术掌握的重要特征,艺术审美正是要以情感规范艺术对象,以情感感染、启示艺术鉴赏者。因此( )
齐某为某瓷器厂的业务员,因故于2003年5月被辞退。次年4月,齐某利用当初留有的一张盖有瓷器厂公章的业务介绍信,以瓷器厂的名义与佳兴公司签订一份合同,约定由瓷器厂于年底前向佳兴公司供应瓷器1000件,价款为10万元。佳兴公司同时向齐某支付定金3万元,并约定
A、Amotor-drivencornsheller.B、Ahand-poweredpeanutsheller.C、Amotor-drivenpeanutsheller.D、Ahand-poweredcornsheller.
最新回复
(
0
)