首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
HOW ANIMALS IN RAIN FORESTS MAKE THEMSELVES HEARD (1) Scientists have discovered that animals are experts at exploiting weat
HOW ANIMALS IN RAIN FORESTS MAKE THEMSELVES HEARD (1) Scientists have discovered that animals are experts at exploiting weat
admin
2022-08-28
27
问题
HOW ANIMALS IN RAIN FORESTS MAKE THEMSELVES HEARD
(1) Scientists have discovered that animals are experts at exploiting weather conditions and the physical conditions of their environments so that they are heard or not heard, and seen or not seen. The species living in rain forests must engineer their calls to accommodate all of the obstacles, such as leaf cover, that can
deflect
and degrade the sounds intended for a potential receiver. Over, short, loud bursts of sound tend to be more effective than longer calls at cutting through the dense foliage.
(2) There is no natural environment on Earth noisier than a virgin rain forest. In the Peruvian rain forest, every species has developed clever or remarkably sophisticated strategies to ensure that its voice is heard. The noise creates a real challenge for the smaller residents, such as male tree crickets, which need to get the attention of females, often from a relatively long distance. Some species of crickets
maximize the volume of their calls
by chewing a hole in the middle of a leaf to create a sound baffle, similar to a
stereo speaker
. The leaf functions as a speaker cabinet, with the cricket in the center acting as the speaker.
(3) A species of tree frog in Borneo has an inventive approach to getting its mating call heard over the noise. Mataphrenella sudana, which is only an inch long, has learned to
exploit
the sound properties of a water-filled hole in a tree in the same way that a person uses resonance, the intensification and enrichment of a sound by added vibration, in the shower to sing like a professional performer. The frog searches for a suitable hole and then partially submerges itself in the water. Its forte is the ability to adjust the frequency of its call to the size of the hole and play the tree like a musical instrument. As it sits in the hole, it begins vocalizing at different frequencies until it hits the one note that makes the hole and tree resonate.
(4) The time of day affects how sound travels in any environment, and this fact is not lost on animals and insects. Early morning and late evening produce conditions that allow sound to travel greater distances than during the middle parts of the day. Sound travels best at night, which is why the rain forest is so wonderfully noisy between dusk and dawn. For species that sleep at night, dusk and dawn are their windows of opportunity to get the best resonance and distance out of a signal. This is why animals, especially birds, tend to be more active and noisy in the early morning and late evening. The British call the phenomenon of birds singing in the early morning the dawn chorus. Because of the superior sound conditions, dusk and dawn are the times to conduct the serious business of attracting mates and defending territories. For predators, it is the best time to track down their noisy prey.
(5) Another way animals and insects ensure that their calls connect with the intended receivers is by developing their own specialized frequencies, which are determined primarily by the size of their bodies. [A] Recently, a scientist visiting the Peruvian rain forest made an audio tape of a little of the night’s music. [B] When he took the tape back to his lab and analyzed it, he discovered that this seemingly chaotic banquet of sound was actually highly ordered. [C] Each animal and insect is tuned to and calling on its own species-specific frequency, in the same way that radio stations use different signals so that many stations can broadcast at the same time. [D]
(6) Bernard Krause, a professor at the University of Oregon in Eugene, has found that in older tropical rain forests some species, such as the Asian paradise flycatcher, have become so specialized that their voices occupy several niches of the sound spectrum at the same time, thus laying territorial claim to several audio channels. His recordings from undisturbed rain forests around the world demonstrate a remarkable stability in the combined voices of the residents from year to year. The stability of the ambient sound gives each region a unique sound signature, or fingerprint.
To "deflect" sounds means to change their________.
选项
A、direction
B、volume
C、frequency
D、clarity
答案
A
解析
本题是词汇题,考查考生对deflect的理解。deflect意为“使转向”,故在语境中,deflect the sounds即“树叶能使叫声传播方向偏移”的意思,所以A项“方向”正确,B项volume“音量”、C项frequency“频率”和D项clarity“清晰度”均与deflect表达的意思不一样。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/Yz5O777K
0
托福(TOEFL)
相关试题推荐
Whatchangehasbeenmadetoeachpartofthehealthclub?ChooseFIVEanswersfromtheboxandwritethecorrectletter,A-F,n
Whatchangehasbeenmadetoeachpartofthehealthclub?ChooseFIVEanswersfromtheboxandwritethecorrectletter,A-F,n
Whatchangehasbeenmadetoeachpartofthehealthclub?ChooseFIVEanswersfromtheboxandwritethecorrectletter,A-F,n
WriteNOMORETHANTWOWORDSAND/ORANUMBERforeachanswer.MonarchButterfliesHibernationButterflyspeciesadoptdifferent
WriteNOMORETHANTWOWORDSAND/ORANUMBERforeachanswer.MonarchButterfliesHibernationButterflyspeciesadoptdifferent
ENDANGEREDSPECIESAlthoughwecannotdoanythingabouttheplantsandanimalsthatarealready【31】________,wecandosomething
sickanimals本题询问该项目的工作内容。录音中的helpthevet是题目中的原词复现,故空格处填入sickanimals。
Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutthehumandietpriortotheNeolithicperiod?
Theterm"iceage"referstoanyofseveralperiodsoftimewhenglacierscoveredconsiderablymoreofEarth’ssurface______
随机试题
男性,50岁。1年来面色苍白、乏力,1个月来出现牙龈出血。化验Hb68g/L,WNC22.6×109/L,plt32×109/L,骨髓检查增生明显活跃,原始细胞4%,可见到Auer小体,铁染色结果显示细胞外铁(+++),环状铁粒幼细胞占17%,诊
胁痛的基本治则是
患者,女,33岁,因"感冒"自行服用头孢类抗生素,5天后出现发热,躯干及四肢近端出现充血性斑丘疹,尿量1500ml/24h。血压120/80mmHg。血常规示嗜酸性粒细胞增多。尿常规:尿蛋白(+),RBC6~9/HP,WBCl2~15/HP。24小时尿蛋白
给患者投用洋地黄类药物前,护士尤应先测量
A.正治B.反治C.扶正D.急则治标E.缓则治本寒病见寒象选用
痰热咳嗽的主要病因病理是风寒咳嗽的主要病因病理是
按照《中华人民共和国建筑法》的规定,建设单位应当在实施建筑工程监理前,将()书面通知被监理的建筑施工企业。
Incontainercargotransportation,thebillofladingservesasareceiptforgoods,anevidenceofthecontractofcarriage,an
纳税人进口应税资源产品,不缴纳资源税,但要缴纳进口关税和进口环节的增值税。()
《中华人民共和国民法总则》自2017年10月1日起施行。关于民法总则和民法通则的关系,下列说法错误的是()。
最新回复
(
0
)