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  3. Adam Smith, a writer in the 1700s, was the first person to see the importance of the division of labor and to explain part of it

Adam Smith, a writer in the 1700s, was the first person to see the importance of the division of labor and to explain part of it

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问题    Adam Smith, a writer in the 1700s, was the first person to see the importance of the division of labor and to explain part of its advantages. He gives as an example the process by which pins were made in England. "One man draws out the wire, another strengthens it, a third cuts it, a fourth points it, a fifth grinds it at the top to prepare it to receive the head. To make the head requires two or three distinct operations. To put it on is a separate operation, to polish the pins is another. And the important business of making pins is, in this manner, divided into about eighteen distinct operations, which in some factories are all performed by different people, though in others the same man will sometimes perform two or three of them,"
   Ten men, Smith said, in this way, turned out twelve pounds of pins a day or about 4 800 pins a person. But if all of them had worked separately and independently without division of labor, they certainly could not turn out any pin, each of them would have made twenty pins in a day and perhaps not even one
   There can be no doubt that division of labor is an efficient way of organizing work. Fewer people can make more pins. Adam Smith saw this but he also took it for granted that division of labor is in itself responsible for economic growth and development and that it accounts for the difference between expanding economies and those that stand still. But division of labor adds nothing new: it only enables people to produce more of what they already have.
Adam Smith mentioned the number 4 800 in order to ______.
选项 A、show the advantages of the division of labor
B、emphasize how powerful the individual worker was
C、show the advantages of the old craft system
D、emphasize the importance of increased production
答案A
解析 分析推理题。参见上面两题的分析。第二段第一句中说明10名工人采用劳动分工的形式后的日生产量，由于亚当·斯密认为劳动分工有advantages(好处)，这里又是对比采用劳动分工与否的产量，所以当然是为了说明劳动分工的好处，选[A] 。
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