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  3. You are going to read an article which is followed by a list of examples or headings. Choose the most suitable one from the list

You are going to read an article which is followed by a list of examples or headings. Choose the most suitable one from the list

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问题 You are going to read an article which is followed by a list of examples or headings. Choose the most suitable one from the list A-F for each numbered position(41-45). There may be certain extra which you do not need to use. (10 points)

    You are going to read a list of headings and a text about The Secret of American Colleges and Universities’ Success.

A. Education for the masses
B. The key to success
C. The character of America’s system of higher education.
D. Promoting diversity
E. Competition breeds success
F. Investing in the future

    For more than two centuries, America’s colleges and universities have been the backbone of the country’s progress. They have educated the technical, managerial and professional work force and provided generation after generation of national leaders. Their unparalleled capacity for research has put the United States at the cutting edge of science and of scholarship in the humanities and social sciences. Without this vast network of universities, the nation would never have achieved its current preeminence.
    (41)______.
    The decentralization, diversity, academic freedom and shared governance that have evolved over the past two centuries have made America’s system of higher education one of the most accessible and democratic in the world. Today educators from around the globe are turning to U. S. institutions of higher learning for inspiration. They are apt to find many reasons for the excellence of American universities, including America’s tradition of philanthropy, but four historic acts stand out as watersheds:
    (42)______.
    In 1862 Congress enacted the Land-Grant College Act (also known as the Morrill Act, after the congressman who proposed it), which essentially extended the opportunity of higher education to all Americans—including such disenfranchised groups as women and minorities. Each state was permitted to sell large tracts of federal land and use the proceeds to endow at least one public college.
    (43)______.
    Over the years, the decentralization and diversity of America’s colleges and universities have promoted competition for students and resources. Competitive pressure first arose during the Civil War, when President Abraham Lincoln created the National Academy of Sciences to advise Congress on "any subject of science or art." The academy’s impact really grew after World WarⅡ, when a landmark report commissioned by President Franklin D. Roosevelt argued that it was the federal government’s responsibility to provide adequate funds for basic research—and that the nation’s universities were, by nature, best suited to take the lead. This turned out to be a brilliant policy. Instead of being centralized in government laboratories-d-as in other parts of the world—scientific research became decentralized in American universities and generated increasing investment. It also gave graduate students research opportunities and helped spread scientific discoveries far and wide, to the benefit of industry, medicine and society as a whole.
    (44)______.
    The end of World War Ⅱ saw passage of the Servicemen’s Readjustment Act of 1944, better known as the GI Bill of Rights. The law, which provided for college or vocational education for returning veterans, made an already democratic higher-education system accessible in ways that were inconceivable in Europe, opening the doors of the best universities to men and women who had never dreamed of going to college.
    (45)______.
    The creation of federal loan guarantees and subsidy programs, as well as outright grants for college students, brought much-needed diversity, to higher education and further helped to democratize access. Since its founding in 1965, the Federal Family Education Loan Program has funded more than 74 million student loans worth more than $180 billion.
    These five factors, coupled with private philanthropy, have helped foster the diversity, dynamism and competitiveness that make, American higher education the best—and most democratic—in the world. Enrollment in higher education grew from just 4 percent of the college-age population in 1900 to more than 65 percent by the end of the century.

选项
答案D
解析 本段中多处提到了多样性的经济援助，这与选项D中promoting diversity是一个意思，故选D项。
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