2. 外语
  3. Throughout the colonial period there was a remarkable shortage of women, which varied with the regions and was always greatest i

Throughout the colonial period there was a remarkable shortage of women, which varied with the regions and was always greatest i

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问题     Throughout the colonial period there was a remarkable shortage of women, which varied with the regions and was always greatest in the frontier areas. This shortage enhanced women’s status and position and allowed them to pursue different careers. (80) The Puritans(清教徒) regarded idleness (无所事事) as a sin, and believed that life in an underdeveloped country made it necessary that each member of the community perform an economic function. Thus work for women was not only approved but also was regarded as a civic (市民的) duty. Puritan town councils (议会) expected widows (寡妇) and independent women to be self-supporting. There was no social prohibition against married women working; on the contrary, wives were expected to help their husbands in their trade and won social approval for doing extra work in or out of the home.
    The vast majority of women worked within their homes, where their labor produced most articles needed for the family. The entire colonial production of cloth and clothing and partly that of shoes was in the hands of women in addition to these occupations, women were found in many different kinds of employment. They were butchers, silversmiths and gunsmiths. They ran mills, plantations, shipyards, and every kind of shops. They were gatekeepers, jail keepers, journalists, printers, nurses, and teachers.  
According to the passage, Puritans believed that an unmarried adult woman should be
选项 A、financially responsible for herself
B、returned to England
C、supported by her family
D、trained to be a nurse
答案A
解析 本题考查的是考生对细节的掌握，答案对应于第一段的第七行。根据文章内容，清教徒城镇的议会认为寡妇和独立的女性应当能够养活自己，也就是经济独立。
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