Passage 1 Managers and office busybodies might be keen on a clean desk—but it seems that in terms of productivity，they could

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问题 Passage 1
Managers and office busybodies might be keen on a clean desk—but it seems that in terms of productivity，they could have it all wrong．A messy desk can actually lead people to—wards clearer thinking，say researchers from Germany．
  The researchers found in a series of linked studies—using a messy desk and a messy shop front—that people actually thought more clearly when all around was chaos，as they sought to simplify the tasks at hand．Visual and mental clutter forces human beings to focus and think more clearly．Famous thinkers and writers such as Albert Einstein and Ronald Dahl have been notorious for their untidy desks．
“Messy desks may not be as detrimental as they appear to be，as the problem—solving approaches they seem to cause can boost work efficiency or enhance employees，creativity in problem solving，”say the authors．Oddly，the effect seems to WOrk most on conservatives—political liberals are less liable to be worried about mess in the first place，say the researchers．
“Business and government managers often promote‘clean desk’policies t0 avoid disoganized offices and messy desks，for the purpose of boosting work efficiency and productivity，”write lead researcher Jia Liu of the University of Groningen in a paper published in the Journal of Consumer Research，“This practice is based on the conventional wisdom that a disorganized and messy environment can clutter one’s mind and complicate one，s judgments．”
However， not all evidence supports this conventional link between a  messy environment and a messy mind．”The scientists tested people’s response in various‘messy’ environments—including a messy shop front，a disorganized desk，and even a work environment where a language task‘reminded’people of messiness．
  The authors found in the series of six studies tended towards simplicity in their thinking．
  “They categorized products in a simpler manner，were willing to pay more for a T—shirt that depicts a simple—looking picture，and sought less variety in their choices．”said the resarehers
Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?(  )

选项 A、A messy environment will certainly lead to a messy mind
B、A clean environment will do great harm to work efficiency
C、People tend to clear up the mess before thinking clearly
D、All people are not in favor of“clean desk”in the office

答案D

解析 D项的意思是“并不是所有人都赞成办公室里清洁的桌子”。可从倒数第三段第一句可知。

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Passage 1 Managers and office busybodies might be keen on a clean desk—but it seems that in terms of productivity，they could

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