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  3. Reading to oneself is a modern activity that was almost unknown to the scholars of the classical and medieval worlds, while duri

Reading to oneself is a modern activity that was almost unknown to the scholars of the classical and medieval worlds, while duri

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问题     Reading to oneself is a modern activity that was almost unknown to the scholars of the classical and medieval worlds, while during the fifteen century the term "reading" undoubtedly meant reading aloud. Only during the nineteenth did silent reading become commonplace. One should be wary, however, of assuming that silent reading came about simply because reading aloud is a distraction to others. Examination of factors related to the historical development of silent reading reveals that it became the usual mode of reading for most adult reading tasks mainly because the tasks themselves changed in character.
    The last century saw a steady gradual increase in literacy, and thus in the number of readers. As readers increased, the number of potential listeners decreased, and thus there was some reduction in the need to read aloud. Reading for the benefit of listeners grew less common, so came the flourishing of reading as a private activity in such public places as libraries, railway carriages and offices, where reading aloud would cause distraction to other readers.
    Towards the end of the century there was still considerable argument over whether books should be used for information or treated respectfully, and over whether the reading of material such as newspapers was in some way mentally weakening. Indeed this argument remains with us still in education. However, whatever its virtues were, the old shared literacy culture had gone and was replaced by the printed mass media on the one hand and by book and periodicals for a specialized readership on the other.
    By the end of the century students were being recommended to adopt attitudes to books and to use skills in reading them which were inappropriate, if not impossible, for the oral reader. The social, cultural and technological changes in the century had greatly altered what the term "reading" implied.
The development of silent reading during the 19th century indicated______.
选项 A、a change in the status of literate people
B、a change in the nature of reading
C、an increase in the number of books
D、an increase in the average age of readers
答案B
解析 细节题。文中第一段讲到，到了19世纪时，默读才变得很普遍。然而，人们不应武断地认为默读的产生仅仅是因为大声朗读会分散别人的注意力。通过研究与默读发展史相关的因素可以发现，默读成为大多数成人阅读的普遍方式，主要是因为阅读任务本身的性质发生了变化。据此可知，19世纪默读的发展表明阅读的性质发生了变化。所以正确答案是、B。
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