首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
How does food affect mood and mind? The answer may lie in the chemistry of the brain and nervous system. Molecules called neurot
How does food affect mood and mind? The answer may lie in the chemistry of the brain and nervous system. Molecules called neurot
admin
2017-11-17
44
问题
How does food affect mood and mind? The answer may lie in the chemistry of the brain and nervous system. Molecules called neurotransmitters (神经传递素) are chemical messengers. They carry a nerve impulse across the gap between nerve cells. The release of neurotransmitter molecules from one neuron and their attachment to receptor sites on another keep a nerve impulse moving.
Nerve impulses carry messages from the environment to the brain, for example, the pain you feel when you stub (踢碰) your toe. They also carry messages in the other direction, from the brain to the muscles. That’s why you back away from the obstacle that initiated the pain signal and exclaim, "Ouch! "
"Many neurotransmitters are built from the foods we eat," says neuroscientist Eric Chudler of the University of Washington. Too little or too much of a particular nutrient in the diet can affect their production, Chudler says. For example, tryptophan from foods such as yogurt, milk, bananas, and eggs is required for the production of the neurotransmitter serotonin. Phenylalanine from beets, almonds, eggs, meat, and grains goes into making the neurotransmitter dopamine.
Dozens of neurotransmitters are known; hundreds may exist. Their effects depend on their amounts and where they work in the brain. The neurotransmitter serotonin, for example, is thought to produce feelings of calmness, relaxation, and contentment. Drugs that prevent it from being taken again (into the neuron that released it) are prescribed to treat depression. In at least some healthy, nondepressed people, carbohydrate foods seem to enhance serotonin production and produce similar effects. "It is the balance between different neurotransmitters that helps regulate mood," Chudler says.
Proper nutrition may also enhance brainpower. Choline is a substance similar to the B vitamins. It’s found in egg yolks, whole wheat, peanuts, milk, green peas, liver, beans, seafood, and soybeans. The brain uses it to make the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. To test the effects of choline on memory and learning, researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology gave memory tests to college students before increasing the amount of choline in their subjects’ diets. Later, they retested. On the average, memories were better, and the students learned a list of unrelated words more easily.
Researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology intended to find out_____.
选项
A、how choline is produced out of foods
B、how choline is converted into acetylcholine
C、if the improvement of brainpower is related to choline
D、if the improvement of brainpower is related to proper diets
答案
C
解析
最后一段第5句开头的To test the effects of choline on memory and learning明确表明了麻省理工学院的研究目的是为了找到choline对学生记忆和学习的影响,记忆和学习都与“脑力”有关,由此可见,C是对这个研究目的的正确描述,为本题答案。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/aFa7777K
0
大学英语四级
相关试题推荐
A、Hedidn’texpecttheassignmenttobesohard.B、Hehasalreadyconsultedhisprofessor.C、Heandthewomanoftenworktogethe
A、Theteacherpostponedthemeeting.B、Therewon’tbeanexamthisafternoon.C、Thestudentswillbeattendingthemeeting.D、Th
Newtechnologylinkstheworldasneverbefore.Ourplanethasshrunk.It’snowa"globalvillage"wherecountriesareonlyseco
TipsforThoseWhoTravelAloneA)Whenitcomestotraveling,sometimestakingajourneyalonecanbegreat.Travelingalon
TipsforThoseWhoTravelAloneA)Whenitcomestotraveling,sometimestakingajourneyalonecanbegreat.Travelingalon
It’sveryinterestingtonotewherethedebateaboutdiversity(多样化)istakingplace.Itistakingplaceprimarilyinpolitical
WhenfamiliesgatherforChristmasdinner,somewillsticktoformaltraditionsdatingbacktoGrandma’sgeneration.Theirtable
Ifthesalinity(含盐量)ofoceanwatersisanalyzed,itisfoundtovaryonlyslightlyfromplacetoplace.Nevertheless,someof
SittinginabackroomatLondon’sBarbicanartscenter,whichishostingtheGameOnExhibition,HenryJenkinsdeliversaline
GeneticallyModifiedFoods—FeedtheWorld?A)Ifyouwanttosparkaheateddebateatadinnerparty,bringupthetopicofgenet
随机试题
血小板无力症实验室检查最主要的异常是
A、三尖瓣区B、肺动脉瓣区C、二尖瓣区D、主动脉瓣第二听诊区E、主动脉瓣区胸骨左缘第2肋间隙是
暖气片外壁与周围空气之间的换热过程为()。
《中华人民共和国环境噪声污染防治法》的生效时间为()。
由于(),双丝埋弧自动焊非常适合于底板、顶板的角缝焊接。
应急预案演练实施过程中,一般要安排专门人员,采用文字、照片和音像等方式记录演练过程。文字记录一般可由()完成。
直接标价法下,银行买人汇率大于卖出汇率。间接标价法下,银行卖出汇率大于买入汇率。()
请结合实际阐述“人的管理是一切管理的中心”。
根据以下资料回答问题。2008年1-12月,全国汽车产量932.36万辆,出口68.49万辆,占国内汽车产量的7.36%,出口同比增长11.25%,增幅回落67.7个百分点;整车出口金额96.33亿美元,同比增长31.75%,增幅回落101.44
(2006下项管)项目团队建设内容一般不包括______。
最新回复
(
0
)