首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
According to sociologists, there are several different ways in which a person may become recognized as the leader of a social gr
According to sociologists, there are several different ways in which a person may become recognized as the leader of a social gr
admin
2013-02-24
77
问题
According to sociologists, there are several different ways in which a person may become recognized as the leader of a social group. In the family, traditional cultural patterns confer leadership on one or both of the parents. In other cases, such as friendship groups, one or more persons may gradually emerge as leaders, although there is no formal process of selection. In larger groups, leaders are usually chosen formally through election or recruitment.
Although leaders are often thought to be people with unusual personal ability, decades of research have failed to produce consistent evidence that there is any category of "natural leaders". It seems that there is no set of personal qualities that all leaders have in common; rather, virtually any person may be recognized as a leader if the person has qualities that meet the needs of that particular group.
Research suggests that there are typically two different leadership roles that are held by different individuals. Instrumental leadership is leadership that emphasizes the completion of tasks by a social group. Group members look to instrumental leaders to "get things done". Expressive leadership, on the other hand, is leadership that emphasizes the collective well-beings of a social group’s members. Expressive leaders are less concerned with the overall goals of the group than with providing emotional support to group members and attempting to minimize tension and conflict among them.
Instrumental leaders are likely to have a rather secondary relationship to other group members. They give others and may discipline group members who inhibit (阻碍) attainment of the group’s goals. Expressive leaders cultivate a more personal or primary relationship to others in the group. They offer sympathy when someone experiences difficulties and try to ’resolve issues that threaten to divide the group. As the difference in these two roles suggest, expressive leaders generally receive more personal affection from group members; instrumental leaders, if they are successful in promoting group goals, may enjoy a more distant respect.
What does the passage mainly discuss?
选项
A、The problems faced by leaders.
B、How leadership differs in small and large groups.
C、How social groups determine who will lead them.
D、The role of leaders in social groups.
答案
D
解析
主旨题。本篇的主要讨论不同的领导者(如instrumental leaders以及expressive leaders)在不同的社会群体中所充当的角色和发挥的功能。所以D为正确答案。A、B、C选项都不能正确概括本文主旨。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/aSu7777K
0
大学英语四级
相关试题推荐
HealthworkerswhoareHIVpositivearebannedfromperformingmostsurgeryordentaltreatmentincasetheycutthemselveswith
Thebenefitsofquittingsmoking—reducedriskofcancerandmanyotherhealthproblems—areknown.Butformillionsofsmokers,t
Thebenefitsofquittingsmoking—reducedriskofcancerandmanyotherhealthproblems—areknown.Butformillionsofsmokers,t
Smokingisharmfultoourhealthandisextremelyhazardoustochildren.Parentswhosmokeoftenopenawindoworturnonafan
Whilemorepeoplethaneverbeforearelearningforeignlanguagesinpublicand【B1】______institutions,therearethreestriking
A、Youneedmuchpracticetoreachperfection.B、Youmuststartlearningatyourearlyyears.C、Youcan’texpecttobethebest.
A、Makeashoppinglistbeforegoingtothestore.B、Don’tgoshoppingwhenhungry.C、Buythefoodinlargersizecansavemoney.
SharksSharksareamazingfishthathavebeenaroundsincelongbeforethedinosaursexisted.Theyliveinwatersalloverth
ManypeopleprotestedbeforetheEmbassyand______forimmediatestoptothewar.
A、Tobookatableforlunch.B、Tomakeanappointment.C、Tobookanairticket.D、Toasksomebodyforhelp.A
随机试题
A.水及食物传播B.飞沫传播C.性传播D.接触传播E.虫媒传播肺炎支原体可经
连续监测法测定LD活性浓度,IFCC推荐使用的底物是
在隔离病区工作护士的下列行为,正确的是()。
王某系聋哑人,因涉嫌盗窃罪被提起公诉。关于本案,下列哪一选项是正确的?(2016年卷二28题,单选)
通风与空调工程常用的防火阀分为( )。
下列资产负债表日后事项中属于调整事项的是()。
肇事逃逸:法律严惩
世界地图:地球仪
某系统总体结构如下图所示,该系统结构图的最大扇出数是
Manypeoplehaveunsuccessfulinterviewsbecausetheyaren’tfullyprepared.(56)Thismaybebecausetheyhaven’tdonetheirres
最新回复
(
0
)