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  3. Forests in countries like Brazil and the Congo get a lot of attention from environmentalists, and it is easy to see why. South A

Forests in countries like Brazil and the Congo get a lot of attention from environmentalists, and it is easy to see why. South A

admin2021-01-06  59
问题    Forests in countries like Brazil and the Congo get a lot of attention from environmentalists, and it is easy to see why. South America and sub-Saharan Africa are experiencing deforestation on an enormous scale: every year almost 5 million hectares are lost. But forests are also changing in rich Western countries. They are growing larger, both in the sense that they occupy more land and that the trees in them are bigger. What is going on?
   Forests are spreading in almost all Western countries, with the fastest growth in places that historically had rather few trees. In 1990 28% of Spain was forested; now the proportion is 37%. In both Greece and Italy, the growth was from 26% to 32% over the same period. Forests are gradually taking more land in America and Australia. Perhaps most astonishing is the trend in Ireland. Roughly 1% of that country was forested when it became independent in 1922. Now forests cover 11% of the land, and the government wants to push the proportion to 18% by the 2040s.
   Two things are fertilising this growth. The first is the abandonment of farmland, especially in high, dry places where nothing grows terribly well. When farmers give up trying to earn a living from farming or herding, trees simply move in. The second is government policy and subsidy. Throughout history, governments have protected and promoted forests for diverse reasons, ranging from the need for wooden warships to a desire to promote suburban house-building. Nowadays forests are increasingly welcome because they suck in carbon pollution from the air. The justifications change; the desire for more trees remains constant.
   The greening of the West does not delight everyone. Farmers complain that land is being taken out of use by generously subsidised tree plantations. Parts of Spain and Portugal suffer from terrible forest fires. Others simply dislike the appearance of forests planted in neat rows. They will have to get used to the trees, however. The growth of Western forests seems almost as unstoppable as deforestation elsewhere.
What has encouraged forest growth historically?
选项 A、The government’s advocacy.
B、The use of wood for fuel.
C、The favourable climate.
D、The green movement.
答案A
解析 细节辨认题。定位句指出，有两个因素在促进这种增长。随后内容具体阐述了这两个因素：放弃农田和政府的政策及补贴。接着第五句指出，纵观历史，政府出于各种原因保护和推广森林。由此可见，政府的倡导促进了历史上森林面积的增加，故答案为A)。
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