首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
The two economists call their paper "Mental Retirement," and their findings from the United States and 12 European countries sug
The two economists call their paper "Mental Retirement," and their findings from the United States and 12 European countries sug
admin
2015-01-02
28
问题
The two economists call their paper "Mental Retirement," and their findings from the United States and 12 European countries suggest that the earlier people retire, the more quickly their memories decline. "It’s incredibly interesting and exciting," said Laura Carstensen, director of the Center on Longevity at Stanford University in California. "It suggests work actually provides an important component of the environment that keeps people functioning optimally. "
Japan and South Korea have begun administering a survey on memory. China, India and several countries in Latin America are also planning surveys. While not everyone is convinced, a number of leading researchers say the "Mental Retirement" study is, at least, a tantalizing bit of evidence for a hypothesis that is widely believed but difficult to demonstrate.
Researchers repeatedly find that retired people tend to do less well on cognitive tests than people who are still working. But, they note, that could be because people whose memories and thinking skills are declining may be more likely to retire than people whose cognitive skills remain sharp. And research has failed to support the premise that mastering activities like memory exercises and crossword puzzles improve overall functioning. "If you do crossword puzzles, you get better at crossword puzzles," said Lisa Berkman, director of the Center for Population and Development Studies at Harvard University. "But you don’t get better at cognitive behavior in life. "
The study was possible, explains one of its authors, Robert Willis, a professor of economics at the University of Michigan, because the National Institute on Aging began a large study in the United States nearly 20 years ago. Called the Health and Retirement Study, it surveys more than 22,000 Americans over age 50 every two years, and administers memory tests. That led European countries to start their own surveys, using similar questions so the data would be comparable. The test looks at how well people can recall a list of 10 nouns immediately and 10 minutes after they heard them. People in the United States did best, scoring an average of 11 out of a perfect 20. Those in Denmark and England were close behind, with scores just above 10, followed by France(8), Italy(7)and Spain(6).
The researchers noticed that there are large differences in the ages at which people retire. In the United States, England and Denmark, where people retire later, 65 to 70 percent of men were still working when they were in their early 60s. In France and Italy, the figure is 10 to 20 percent, and in Spain it is 38 percent.
Economic incentives produce the large differences in retirement age. Countries with earlier retirement ages have tax policies, pension, disability and other measures that encourage people to leave the work force at younger ages.
The researchers found that the longer people keep working, the better they do on the tests when they are in their early 60s. "There is evidence that social skills and personality skills—getting up in the morning, dealing with people, knowing the value of being prompt and trustworthy—are also important," Dr. Willis said. "They go hand in hand with the work environment. "
It can be inferred from the passage that Americans do well in cognitive tests because______.
选项
A、a lot of them do the tests every two years
B、most of them still work in their early 60s
C、they have sharp memories and thinking skills by nature
D、their social skills and personality skills play some part in the tests
答案
B
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/aZcO777K
本试题收录于:
NAETI中级口译笔试题库外语翻译证书(NAETI)分类
0
NAETI中级口译笔试
外语翻译证书(NAETI)
相关试题推荐
Ifiguredthatwhen2010finallyarrived,I’dbehereinLosAngelesonmyvideophonelookingatmyneweditorinherformfittin
Ifiguredthatwhen2010finallyarrived,I’dbehereinLosAngelesonmyvideophonelookingatmyneweditorinherformfittin
Cybercrime’Lovebug’virus,hackattacksanddatatheft,peoplenowadaysarequitefamiliarwiththosewords,astheyareo
Cybercrime’Lovebug’virus,hackattacksanddatatheft,peoplenowadaysarequitefamiliarwiththosewords,astheyareo
Thirtyyearsago,whenChristianBoerwasfirstlearninghowtoreadwhilegrowingupintheNetherlands,hemadealotofmista
Thirtyyearsago,whenChristianBoerwasfirstlearninghowtoreadwhilegrowingupintheNetherlands,hemadealotofmista
ThehappiestpeopleintheworldmayliveinScandinavia,anewstudysuggests.That’saccordingtotheUnitedNationsGeneralA
Thegirlsawalookonthewoman’sfacethatinthefutureshewouldthinkofunlesssomeonecrumpledasheetofpaperintoaba
Theonlineshopaimstofilteroutallofthechemicalsandvenomoussubstancesthatgointomanysupplements,replacingthemwi
Ontheconference,theboardmembersblamedthemanagerforhiscareless________thatcausedheavylossestothecompany.
随机试题
矩形花键连接的定心方式有_______,_______,_______3种。
江南公司以其厂房作抵押,先后向甲银行借款300万元,乙银行借款200万元,丙银行借款100万元,并依次办理了抵押登记。其中,与甲银行约定在2008年3月15日还款。后到期江南公司不能还款,甲银行每月催收一次,最后一次催收是2009年3月1日。后江南公司与甲
井下控制测量的基本方法有()法。
某县城管执法局认为宝利电子公司的建房违法,决定强行拆除其违法建筑。其后,拆除决定被认定违法,宝利电子公司要求县城管执法局予以赔偿。遭到拒绝,遂向法院提起行政赔偿诉讼。宝利电子公司除向法院提供证据证明房屋损失外,还提供了本公司员工赵某与当地居民钱某的证言,以
下列说法中不正确的有()。
假设你的两个好朋友因为误会而断绝往来,请问你应该怎么办?
243,217,206,197,171,(),151
甲驾车闯红灯,将正常过马路的孕妇乙蹭倒,被公安机关交通管理部门罚款200元。乙虽未受伤,但因受惊吓,在送往医院途中,产下一子丙。请结合上述材料,运用法理学中法律关系的理论回答下列问题:(20111年分析67)(1)上述事件中,甲与公安机关交通管理
设y=y(x)由y=tan(x+y)所确定,试求y’,y".
"Ihavegreatconfidencethatbytheendofthedecadewe’llknowinvastdetailhowcancercellsarise,"saysmicrobiologistRo
最新回复
(
0
)