首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
What Can We Learn from Art? I. Introduction A. Difference between general history and art history —Focus: —general history:【T1
What Can We Learn from Art? I. Introduction A. Difference between general history and art history —Focus: —general history:【T1
admin
2019-03-26
53
问题
What Can We Learn from Art?
I. Introduction
A. Difference between general history and art history
—Focus:
—general history:【T1】______.【T1】______
—art history: political values, emotions,【T2】______, etc.【T2】______
B. Significance of study
—More information and better understanding of human【T3】______【T3】______
II. Types of information
A. Information in history book is【T4】______【T4】______
B. Information in art history is subjective
—【T5】______ and opinions【T5】______
e.g. —Spanish painter’s works: misuse of【T6】______【T6】______
—Mexican artists’ works: attitudes toward social problems
III. Art as a religious belief
A Europe:【T7】______ in pictures in churches【T7】______
B. Middle East pictures of flowers and patterns in mosques, palaces
Reason: human and【T8】______ are not seen as holy【T8】______
C. Africa and the Pacific Islands: masks, headdresses
and【T9】______in special ceremonies【T9】______
Purpose: to seek the help of【T10】______to protect crops, animals
and people【T10】______
IV. Perceptions of Art
How people see art is related to their cultural background.
A Europeans and Americans
-【T11】______【T11】______
—expression of ideas
B. People in other places
—part of everyday life
—【T12】______ use【T12】______
V. Art as a reflection of social changes
A. Cause of changes:【T13】______ of different cultures【T13】______
—tribal people: effect of【T14】______ on art forms【T14】______
—European artists: influence of African traditional art in their works
—American and Canadian artists: study of【T15】______【T15】______
【T9】
What Can We Learn from Art?
Good morning. Today’s lecture is the very first of a series of lectures on art history. So I’d like to spend some time discussing with you the following topic: Why do we need to study art history and what can we learn from it?
First of all, I’d say, if you study art history, this might be a good way to learn more about a culture than is possible to learn in general history classes. You know, most typical history courses concentrate on politics, economics and war. But art history focuses on much more than this, because art reflects not only the political values of a people, but also their religious beliefs, emotions etc. In addition, information about the daily activities of our ancestors can be provided by art, like what people did for a living, what kind of dress they wore, what ceremonies they held etc. In short, art can express the essential qualities of a time and a place, and a study of it clearly offers us a deeper understanding than can be found in most history books and enables us to learn more things about human society and civilization.
The second point I’d like to make, is about the type of information. In history books, information is objective. That is, facts about political, economical life of a country are given, but opinions are not expressed. Art, on the other hand, is subjective. It reflects personal emotions and opinions. For example, Francisco Goya was a great Spanish painter, and also perhaps the first truly political artist. In his famous painting, The Third of May, 1808, he showed soldiers shooting a group of simple people. His description of soldiers and their victims has become a symbol of the enormous power or the misuse of this power that a government can have over its people. Over a hundred years later, on another continent, the powerful paintings of Mexican artists depicted their deep anger and sadness about social problems. In summary, through art you can find a personal and emotional view of history.
Thirdly, art can reflect a culture’s religious beliefs. For hundreds of years in Europe, religious art was almost the only type of art that existed. Churches and other religious buildings were filled with paintings that showed people and stories from the Bible. By contrast, one of the main characteristics of art in the Middle East was, and still is, its absence of human and animal images. This reflects the Islamic belief that these images are unholy. Thus, on palaces, mosques and other buildings, Islamic artists have created unique decoration of great beauty with images of flowers and geometric forms, for example, circles, squares, and triangles. The same is true of other places like Africa and the Pacific islands. Art also reflects the religious beliefs of traditional cultures in these places. As a matter of fact, religion is the purpose for this art and is, therefore, absolutely essential to it. Traditional art in Africa and the Pacific islands is different from Christian art. Christian art influences people’s religious feelings towards God, but the goal of traditional art in Africa and the Pacific islands is to influence spiritual powers, that is, gods, to enter people’s lives. Each tribe or village there has special ceremonies with songs and dances to make sure that crops, animals and people are healthy and increase in number. The dancers in these ceremonies wear masks, headdresses, and costumes that they believe are necessary to influence gods. So these masks and headdresses themselves are a very part of the art. As we’ve said, art depends on culture. Different forms of art result from different cultures.
Similarly, the way that people view art also depends on their cultural background. This is my fourth point. For most Europeans and Americans, art is mainly for decoration. It is something on a museum wall or in a glass case. It makes homes more attractive. People look at it and admire it: "Oh, what a beautiful painting! " Besides, ideas are often expressed in this art. "This is a wonderful statue," an admirer might say. "It makes such a strong anti-war statement." But in other places, art is not considered to be separate from everyday existence. It has a function. It has a practical role to play in people’s lives. A person in a tribal society might look at a mask and say, "Oh, this is a good mask: it will keep my house safe." In brief, the way in which people enjoy or appreciate art depends on their culture.
To conclude my lecture, we can say that art is a reflection of various cultures. But at the same time, we have to remember that art also reflects the changes in society that take place when different cultures influence one another. As people from tribal societies move to urban areas, their values and beliefs change accordingly, and their traditional art forms begin to lose their function. At the same time, urban artists begin to learn a lot from traditional art. For example, African masks and figures had a great influence on Picasso’s works. And many American and Canadian artists studied the simplicity of Japanese painting. The result is that as the world gets "smaller", the art of each culture becomes more international.
OK. This brings us to the end of our lecture. I hope that after today’s lecture, you’ll understand better the significance of a study of art history. Art enables us to know more about human history, for example, people’s views and opinions about certain historical events, and what’s more important, about different cultures: their religious beliefs, perception of art etc.
选项
答案
costumes
解析
录音提到在非洲和一些太平洋上的岛屿部族在进行一些庆典时,会戴一些他们相信能影响神灵的面具(masks)、头饰(head dresses)和服装(costumes),前面两个已在提纲中列出,空格处填costumes。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/acEK777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
ThisseemstheEnglishmayhavebeenunfairinassociatingbird’sbrainwithstupidity.
Whatisgenerallyacceptedthatnobodyshouldbeexcludedfromthewealthofthenation,eitherbythelawsofnatureorbythos
Whichissaidthatsomewherebetweentheagesof6and9,childrenbegintothinkabstractlyinsteadofconcretely.
ThefirstmentionofslaveryinthestatutesoftheEnglishcoloniesofNorthAmericadoesnotoccuruntilafter1660—somefor
ThefirstmentionofslaveryinthestatutesoftheEnglishcoloniesofNorthAmericadoesnotoccuruntilafter1660—somefor
ThefirstmentionofslaveryinthestatutesoftheEnglishcoloniesofNorthAmericadoesnotoccuruntilafter1660—somefor
ItisinterestingtoreflectforamomentuponthedifferencesintheareasofmoralfeelingandstandardsinthepeoplesofJa
ItisinterestingtoreflectforamomentuponthedifferencesintheareasofmoralfeelingandstandardsinthepeoplesofJa
Wheatpricesweregenerallylowintheautumn,sofarmerscouldnotwaitformarketstoimprove.
随机试题
根据《图书出版管理规定》,出版()类的图书,实行专门的资格准入制度。
A.24小时动态血压B.24小时动态心电图C.心室晚电位D.食道心房调搏或心内电生理检查男性,67岁,陈旧性前间壁心肌梗死3年,近日心悸,多次心电图均提示频发多源室性期前收缩,其中有一次记录到由4个宽大畸形QRS波群组成的
男,35岁。急性阑尾炎手术后6天,切口疼痛,体温38.5℃,应考虑为
A.囊内切除B.边缘性切除C.广泛性切除D.根治性切除E.根治性截肢化疗有效的ⅡA期股骨下端骨肉瘤比较适合的治疗是
根据《政府采购供应商投诉处理办法》的相关规定,财政部门在处理投诉事项期间,可视具体情况书面通知被投诉人暂停采购活动,但暂停时间最长不得超过()日。
甲集团公司是一家中央国有企业,主要有三大业务版块:一是化肥生产和销售业务,主要集中在乙分公司;二是电力生产和供应业务,主要集中在丙分公司;三是国际旅游业务,主要集中在丁公司。丁公司为甲集团公司的全资子公司;甲集团公司除丁公司外,无其他关联公司。2010年
汉字作为典型的表意文字,虽然其象形部分目前已不占重要地位,占主导地位的造字方式是形声字,但汉字形声字的形符仍然具有表意功能。形符的作用除了和声符结合成字外,就是显示字义的性质和类属,或表示与字有关联的事物与现象。下列对这段话的理解,正确的一项是(
不断促进社会主义物质文明、政治文明和精神文明的协调发展,体现了()。
下图是利用地理信息技术制作的某城市中心城区月交通事故次数示意图。该图的制作与应用借助于()。
A、Repairingtheheatingforthewoman.B、Introducingthemomtothewoman.C、RepairingtheTVforthewoman.D、Turningontheli
最新回复
(
0
)