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  3. In 1959 the average American family paid $989 for a year’s supply of food. In 1972 the family paid $1,311. That was a price incr

In 1959 the average American family paid $989 for a year’s supply of food. In 1972 the family paid $1,311. That was a price incr

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问题     In 1959 the average American family paid $989 for a year’s supply of food. In 1972 the family paid $1,311. That was a price increase of nearly one-third. Every family has had this sort of experience. Everyone agrees that the cost of feeding a family has risen sharply. But there is less agreement when reasons for the rise are being discussed. Who is really responsible?
    Many blame the farmers who produce the vegetables, fruit, meat, eggs, and cheese that stores offer for sale. According to the U.S. Department of Agriculture, the farmer’s share of the $1,311 spent by the family in 1972 was $521. This was 31 per cent more than the farmer had received in 1959.
    But farmers claim that this increase was very small compared to the increase in their cost of living. Farmers tend to blame others for the sharp rise in food prices. They particularly blame those who process the farm products after the products leave the farm. These include truck drivers, meat packers, manufacturers of packages and other food containers, and the owners of stores where food is sold.【B11】_______________
    Of the $1,311 family food bill in 1972, middlemen received $790, which was 33 per cent more than they had received in 1959. It appears that the middlemen’s profit has increased more than farmer’s. But some economists claim that the middleman’s actual profit was very low. According to economists at the First National City Bank, the profit for meat packers and food stores amounted to less than one per cent. During the same period all other manufacturers were making a profit of more than 5 per cent.【B12】_______________
    【B13】________________
    Vegetables and chicken cost more when they have been cut into pieces by someone other than the one who buys it. A family should expect to pay more when several "TV dinners" are taken home from the store. These are fully cooked meals, consisting of meat, vegetables, and sometimes dessert, all arranged on a metal dish. The dish is put into the oven and heated while the housewife is doing something else. Such a convenience costs money.【B14】_______________
    Economists remind us that many modern housewives have jobs outside the home. They earn money that helps to pay the family food bills. The housewife naturally has less time and energy for cooking after a day’s work. She wants to buy many kinds of food that can be put on her family’s table easily and quickly.【B15】_______________
    It appears that the answer to the question of rising prices is not a simple one. Producers, consumers, and middlemen all share the responsibility for the sharp rise in food costs.
    A) Thus, as economists point out, "Some of the basic reasons for widening food price spreads are easily traceable to the increasing use of convenience foods, which transfer much of the time and work of meal preparation from the kitchen to the food processor’s plant."
    B ) They are among the "middlemen" who stand between the farmer and the people who buy and eat the food. Are middlemen the ones to blame for rising food prices?
    C ) "If the housewife wants all of these, " the economists say, "that is her privilege, but she must be prepared to pay for the services of those who make her work easier."
    D ) Who then is actually responsible for the size of the bill a housewife must pay before she carries the food home from the store? The economists at First National City Bank have an answer to give housewives, but many people will not like it. These economists blame the housewife herself for the jump in food prices. They say that food costs more now because women don’t want to spend much time in the kitchen. Women prefer to buy food which has already been prepared before it reaches the market.
    E ) However, some economists believe that controls can have negative effects over a long period of time. In cities with rent control, the city government sets the maximum rent that a landlord can charge for an apartment.
    F ) Economists do not agree on some of the predictions. They also do not agree on the value of different decisions. Some economists support a particular decision while others criticize it.
    G ) By comparison with other members of the economic system both farmers and middlemen have profited surprisingly little from the rise in food prices.
【B15】
选项
答案C
解析 本题可以组合使用复现结构定位法和代词指代关系定位法。本题也出现在段尾，通过研究本题之前的原文已知信息，发现本题之前的本段落中出现了4个主要句子的主语：housewives，they，the housewife和she，均是指“家庭主妇”，即主题内容都是关于家庭主妇的，这说明填入第5题的信息也应该主要围绕家庭主妇展开。选项C)中if the housewife wants all of these的主语就是housewife，而且出现了wants这个动词，而第5题之前的本段已知信息恰恰出现了句子：  She’ wants to buy many kinds of food that can be put on her family’s table easily and quickly．这样，出现了动词的复现一致；另外，选项C)中的代词these提供了指代线索。这个these正好是指代动词wants后面的many kinds of food，这个指代关系表明选项C)的信息与第5题之前的本段已知信息是连贯衔接的。选项E)的排除：选项E)的开头出现了however(但是)，明显表示转折关系，根据上下文逻辑关系定位法确认原文5处填空的前后文均不存在转折关系，所以排除选项E)。选项F)的排除：选项F)中出现了the predictions(预测)这个关键词，而原文没有任何地方涉及这个概念，因此the predictions是原文的无关词，根据无关词排除法排除选项F)。
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