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  3. Going hungry is a major contributor to ill health, particularly among children, and a new report reveals how long-lasting the da

Going hungry is a major contributor to ill health, particularly among children, and a new report reveals how long-lasting the da

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问题     Going hungry is a major contributor to ill health, particularly among children, and a new report reveals how long-lasting the damage can be.
    Researchers at the National Cancer Institute (NCI) and the University of Calgary performed the first long-term study on the【C1】________of hunger on general health,【C2】________children from birth to 21 years. Most studies to date have【C3】________only snapshots of childhood health,【C4】________the short-term impact of hunger【C5】________a period of time.
    In the new analysis, the scientists found that children who went hungry at least once in their lives were 21/2 times more likely to have【C6】________overall health 10 to 15 years later, compared with those who never had to【C7】________food. "Our research shows that hunger and food insecurity are really damaging【C8】________children’s life chances," says lead author Sharon Kirkpatrick, a visiting fellow at NCI.
    The study supports earlier findings that【C9】________episodes of hunger are more likely to cause ill health than an isolated experience of starvation: children in Kirkpatrick’s analysis who experienced two or more periods of hunger were more than four times as likely to report ill health than those who never went hungry. The relationship, she says, remained strong even after the team accounted【C10】________other factors that could influence health, such as age, sex and household characteristics like income.
    【C11】________one experience of hunger can have lasting effects on a child’s health, a fact that is especially troubling in light of the sobering rise in U.S. households that were【C12】________to do without food in 2008: 15% of American families reported some【C13】________in the amount or quality of food they consumed,【C14】________from 11% the previous year.
    【C15】________this study did not probe into the【C16】________mechanism by which hunger affects long-term health, Kirkpatrick【C17】________that both psychological and physiological factors may be at work. Aside from the obvious negative impact that missing key nutrients and calories can have on growth and development, she says, the psychological【C18】________of food insecurity—not being able to afford a【C19】________and high-quality source of food—can be【C20】________to youngsters as well.
【C12】
选项 A、powered
B、exposed
C、adapted
D、forced
答案D
解析 a fact指代前半句one experience…on a child’s health(一次饥饿的经历也会对孩子的健康带来持久的影响)，而空格所在的that从句则修饰U.S.households的定语从句。描述这些家庭的性质。对于任何一个家庭，do without food(挨饿)都是不得已的事情，故选D项forced“被迫”。to do without food是不得已的动作，A项powered“使……有力量”不符合语境。B项exposed“使曝光”，be exposed to后接名词，而原文为动词原形。C项adapted“适应于”，be adapted to“适应”，适应挨饿不符合逻辑。
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