2. 外语
  3. History shows it is only when the economy is in the mud that Americans feel free to do what they want to do. As the author J. K.

History shows it is only when the economy is in the mud that Americans feel free to do what they want to do. As the author J. K.

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问题 History shows it is only when the economy is in the mud that Americans feel free to do what they want to do. As the author J. K. Rowling said so succinctly in her 2008 address to Harvard graduates, failure can mean a "stripping away of the inessential. " When she was an impoverished single mother, she started to write her magical tales: " I stopped pretending to myself that I was anything other than what I was, and began to direct all my energy into finishing the only work that mattered to me. You will never truly know yourself, or the strength of your relationships, until both have been tested by adversity. " This doesn’t mean it is an uplifting experience to be unemployed, of course. But it may mean we ease up on some of the judgment that springs from the false idea that a person without a job has not just hit bad luck or a poor economy—but is a failure.  Having a job is hardly the only, or best, measure of a life.
It may also mean we can accept plateaus, understand that a life has troughs we can climb out of, and that a long view is the wisest one. A recession is a great reminder that all of us need to learn, as Samuel Beckett said, to " fail better. " Which means rethinking what we really want to do with our lives, who we want beside us, and how we measure worth. Think of poor Willy Loman. Today his grandchildren might be proud.
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答案 历史表明，只有当经济陷入衰退泥淖时，美国人才能随心所欲地做自己想做的事。正如作家J．K?罗琳于2008年对哈佛毕业生的精辟之谈，失败可能意味着“剥离一切无关紧要的东西。”在成为一位穷困的单亲妈妈后，她才着手写她的魔法故事：“我不再自欺欺人，我做回真正的自己，并开始集中全副精力完成这唯一一件对我很重要的工作。在面临逆境的考验之前，你不会真正地了解自己，也没法确定一段感情有多坚定。”这当然不是说失业是种振奋人心的体验。但对于那些滥觞于错误观点——失业不仅仅是运气不好或经济不景气，更是一种失败——的判断，我们尽可泰然处之。有工作并非是衡量生活的唯一或最佳标准。 这或许也意味着我们可以接受如日中天，也能明白生活也会有谷底，一旦跌人我们要爬出来，将眼光放长于远方是最明智之举。
解析 1．第一段第一句中的in the mud本义为“陷入泥淖”，此处引申为“身陷困境”，即经济衰退；feel free to do sth．指“不受约束，随心所欲地做某事”。
2．第一段第四句的重点在于对the strength of your relationships的理解。relationships此处指“感情”，而不是“亲属关系”，例如start a relationship“开始一段感情”；strength这里不作“优势”解，而是指“(感情)的强烈程度”，因此这个短语应译作“感情的坚定程度”。
3．第一段倒数第二句的句子结构较为复杂，翻译前应理清句子结构，句子的主干是it may meanwe ease up on some of the judgment，后面有两个that引导的从句，第一个为定语从句，修饰judgment；第二个为同位语从句，解释说明the false idea的具体内容。翻译时应先翻出句子的主干：但对于那些滥觞于错误观点的判断，我们尽可泰然处之。然后再把错误观点加入，以两个破折号连接即可。
4．第一段最后一句翻译时应注意hardly一词，此处表示否定，如漏译此词，句意将完全相反。
5．第二段第一句中，plateaus本义为“高原，高地”，这里引申为“人生的巅峰，如日中天的时刻”；troughs与之相对，译作“低谷，低谷期”；a long view指“将眼光放长远”。
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